Browsing by Author "Gökmen, A."

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Citation - Scopus: 0
Culture, cross-cultural communication, and international business communication in the global context: A critical approach
(IGI Global, 2023) Gökmen, A.; Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
International business communication concerns the reconciliation of businesses and products which strive to embrace both the private and government sectors of numerous countries to conduct business transactions. Yet, inter-cultural communication is used when delivering different messages among different societies while doing international business. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to define the concepts of culture, international business communication and inter-cultural communication as well as integrate them on a global scale. © 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 0
Digital economy: The correlation between digital technology and economic growth-an emperical application
(IGI Global, 2023) Dinç, D.; Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, A.; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
The aim of this study is to explain the concept of digital economy and to examine the effect of digital technology on economic growth. In the study, the causality relationship between digital technology and economic growth in the Turkish economy for the period 2004-2021 was investigated with the Toda-Yamamoto test. As a result of the study, according to 10% significance level, bidirectional causality between internet usage-economic growth, computer usage-economic growth, and one-way causality between mobile line usage and economic growth from mobile line usage to economic growth was determined. No causal relationship was found between website ownership and economic growth in enterprises. According to the 5% significance level, a one-way causality relationship was determined from only computer and internet use to economic growth. © 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 6
Economic Growth Inflation Nexus & Its Impact on the Development of the Automotive Industry: The Case of Turkey
(Inderscience Publishers, 2019) Dinç, D.T.; Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, A.; Üstündağ, K.; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Economic growth is essential for development and welfare of the citizens of a country. Economic development is an intact process involving potentially entire industries in a state. Also, economic growth is associated with macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, exports, imports, budget surplus or deficits, current account balance, interest and inflation rates. Nonetheless, inflation is an important macroeconomic indicator which can influence industrial development positively or negatively. Moreover, the aim of this study is to analyse the impact of inflation on the total automotive industry production in the Republic of Turkey resting on various econometric applications as JJ cointegration test, VECM, Wald test, Gtranger test and LSM. Copyright © 2019 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Citation - Scopus: 1
The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment Inflow on the Economic Growth in Somalia
(IGI Global, 2023) Mayow, M.A.; Gökmen, A.; Temiz, D.
This study explores the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the economic growth of Somalia in between 1998-2019. To estimate the economic growth model, the study applied the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method. Findings from the study showed that the major drivers of economic growth in the long run are inward FDI, labor stock, domestic investment, and exports. In the short run, the growth drivers are the labor force stock, domestic investment and current FDI stock. It was determined that inflation did not have a significant effect on economic growth in Somalia. © 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 0
The Effect of Technological Development on Renewable Energy
(IGI Global, 2025) Avşar, D.; Temiz, D.; Gökmen, A.
Renewable energies have an essential role in the reduction of external dependency of countries by meeting their energy needs from domestic resources, sustainable energy use as a result of diversification of resources and minimizing the damage to the environment from energy consumption. The study aims to measure technological developments' impact on Turkey’s renewable energy production. Therefore, this study uses annual time series data on Turkey from 1980-2022 to investigate the causal link between technology and renewable energy production. This study applies Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) (1981), Phillips-Perron (PP) (1988), Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS) (1992) and Ng-Perron (2001) tests for data analysis. In the long run, it has been found that there is a significant positive relationship between technological development and renewable energy; in addition, it has been found that there is a bidirectional causality relationship between renewable energy production and economic growth in the short term. © 2025 IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 0
The Expanded and Intensive Trade in Turkey's Automotive Sector
(IGI Global, 2024) Temiz, D.; Kutlu, R.; Gökmen, A.
Extensive trade is the export of existing foreign trade countries in a country at a higher amount or price. Intensive trade is the average of new products exported or new exports made by existing foreign trade in a country. The study found that the quantity component was 77.97% and the price component was 17.82%. Turkey's common trade share in automotive sub-industry production is 4.21%. According to these findings, it is seen that the strength of Turkey's automotive main and sub-industry exports stems from intense trade. It also appears that intense trading means a large number of pieces of the price device are being explained. © 2024 IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 14
Export-led economic growth and the case of Brazil: An empirical research
(Routledge, 2019) Temiz Dinç, D.; Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, A.; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
The world has been globalized much more than ever before and this process integrates the economies of countries. Moreover, one means of integrating the economies of countries is trade. In this instance, the export-led economic growth emerges as a considerable determinant. Export-led economic growth is beneficial for the countries since it facilitates the inflow of foreign exchange, increases production, creates new employment opportunities and enhances the overall commercial volume. In this study, the correlation between export-led economic growth is explored for Brazil. Therefore, according to the findings of this paper as well as econometric and statistical applications, there is a bi-directional causality in Brazil since 1960s between economic development and exports in the long-run (this could also be termed as feedback); furthermore, in the short-run, there is export-led economic growth. The novelty of this paper is that, it is one of the latest studies investigating export-led economic growth for Brazil. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Citation - Scopus: 4
Foreign Direct Investment & Its Correlation to Economics: The case of Brazil
(Routledge, 2019) Dinç, D.T.; Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, A.; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Capital accumulation is the first and foremost important factor to induce economic growth and development in a country. Yet, not every country in the world is bestowed with abundant capital. Thus, in this instance foreign direct investment (FDI) emerges as a good option to supply the necessary amount of capital to countries which are deprived of the necessary capital stock. Moreover, FDI, besides being a catalyst of economic development, is a significant means of transferring technology, knowledge, managerial know-how and constitutes new potentials to create employment opportunities, increase the production volume and enhance the foreign trade balance. Furthermore, the impact of FDI inflow on the economic growth is researched in this paper for Brazil by means of utilizing various econometric methods for the period of 1970–2017. According to the results of this study there is no positive causality between economic growth and FDI inflow in the short-run. Yet, there is a positive and significant causality between FDI inflow and economic growth in the long-run as well as this stems from the fact that investments lead to positive results gradually in the long-term which also means that investments shall be converted into production as much as possible. Moreover, the novelty of this paper is that it is one of the most up-to-date studies to research FDI–economic growth correlation on Brazil in the literature. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Citation - Scopus: 10
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Export Relation in Turkey: 1991–2010
(2011) Temiz, Dilek; Temiz, D.; Gökmen, A.; Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; 52039; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an important element in development of economic power with regard to growth. FDI is an efficient tool to transfer new technologies, managerial skills, knowledge, capital flow and so on. On the other hand, exportation is another means to integrate the economy of a country with that of the world and secure economic growth as well enhancing economic advantages. In this article, we attempt to research the relationship between FDI and export. The article begins with the definition of FDI theory, explains the motives fostering FDI, FDI and Turkey, FDI and export relation theoretically, and concludes with an empirical analysis of FDI and export in Turkey. The empirical research investigates the relationship between export and FDI by using monthly time series data for the Turkish economy over the period from December 1991 to October 2010. The study applies of the following econometric techniques: unit root test, Johansen cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM), and Granger causality test. The cointegration analysis suggests long-run equilibrium relationship between the examined variables. The results of the Granger causality test showed a causal relationship between these variables. The causality results are consistent with the results reported by the vector error correction model (VECM). © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Citation - Scopus: 5
Foreign Direct Investment and Its Impact on Economic Performance: The Case of Turkey and Nigeria
(Routledge, 2015) Temiz, Dilek; Temiz, D.; Gökmen, A.; Gökmen, Aytaç; Abubakar, M.S.; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been affecting global business affairs for decades. A country, whether developed or developing, necessitates more FDI entry than other countries because the FDI inflow may bring certain advantages such as capital accumulation, knowledge, know-how transfer, and obtainment of updated technology. Thus, the entry of FDI into a host country is expected to reveal positive aftermaths. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of FDI entry into Nigeria and Turkey for the years 1970–2012 by using econometric methods such as VAR, VECM, unit root test, cointegration test, causality test, impulse-response functions, and variance decomposition. As a result, it was estimated that there is no positive impact of FDI entry on economic growth in Nigeria and in Turkey. © 2015, Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Citation - Scopus: 0
Foreign direct investment in the cement industry of Turkey: Overall contribution by multinational businesses and potential impacts on the economy
(IGI Global, 2015) Gökmen, A.; Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
The cement sector contributes to the development of the GDP and also the creation of employment opportunities in Turkey. The cement production is made of 100% national inputs and it is exported to 90 countries in the world. Additionally, it attracted an important portion of foreign direct investment (FDI) by means of the privatization operations. However, despite its importance, the cement sector of Turkey is very fragile, especially in times of global crisis and economic downturns. Eventually, the aim of this chapter is to review the cement sector of Turkey, analyze the foreign participation and work out its overall contribution to the entire economic capacity of Turkey depending on credible national and international publications. © 2015, IGI Global.
Citation - Scopus: 0
Gökmen, A. (2016). International Business Initiatives of the Turkish Enterprises in Global Trade: The Case of Outsourcing1. In B. Christiansen & M. Erdoğdu (Eds.), Comparative Economics and Regional Development in Turkey (pp. 166-186). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8729-5.ch007
(IGI Global, 2015) Gökmen, A.
The amount of trade and international business volume in the world has amounted considerably as a result of the fast moving globalization and declining borders especially after the 1990s. International business and trade are important tools for countries and enterprises to increase their volumes of production and commerce as well as enhance employment, increase the national income and raise revenue for enterprises to make further investments. Turkey is located at the threshold of Europe and Asia, consolidating East and West, and North and South at the convergence of various trade routes. However, despite of being close to various countries, a great deal of Turkey's export potential is focused on the EU and developed countries. However, the production means in Turkey are not adequate, so it imports factors of production from abroad by way of international business operations. Thus, the aim of this study is to review the theory of globalization, international business, firm internationalization process of businesses, impact direction of multinational businesses as well as the commercial operations of the Turkish enterprises, real and commercial abilities of the Turkish firms and international business activities on the global basis; compare this to its entire trade volume and propose comments on these issues resting on credible national and international publications and figures. © 2016 by IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 0
International business initiatives of the Turkish enterprises in global trade: The case of outsourcing
(IGI global, 2016) Gökmen, A.; Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
The amount of trade and international business volume in the world has amounted considerably as a result of the fast moving globalization and declining borders especially after the 1990s. International business and trade are important tools for countries and enterprises to increase their volumes of production and commerce as well as enhance employment, increase the national income and raise revenue for enterprises to make further investments. Turkey is located at the threshold of Europe and Asia, consolidating East and West, and North and South at the convergence of various trade routes. However, despite of being close to various countries, a great deal of Turkey’s export potential is focused on the EU and developed countries. However, the production means in Turkey are not adequate, so it imports factors of production from abroad by way of international business operations. Thus, the aim of this study is to review the theory of globalization, international business, firm internationalization process of businesses, impact direction of multinational businesses as well as the commercial operations of the Turkish enterprises, real and commercial abilities of the Turkish firms and international business activities on the global basis; compare this to its entire trade volume and propose comments on these issues resting on credible national and international publications and figures. © 2016 by IGI Global.
Citation - Scopus: 0
International Trade, Economic Growth, and Turkey
(IGI Global, 2022) Gökmen, A.
International trade and economic growth are two substantial issues that have been debated over decades. Whether international trade and especially exports lead economic growth or economic growth causes exports have been on the agenda of scientists. By means of international trade, a country can have access to potentially scarce sources of capital, technology, knowledge, know-how, etc. Through having access to such resources, a country shall develop its economic, production, and commercial structures and eventually develop the country as a whole. Moreover, the development of a country shall lead to the enhancement of the overall welfare. Thus, the aim of this study is to review the literature on international trade and economic growth as well as scrutinize these issues on Turkey comprehensively. With the statistical data presented in this study, one can conclude that Turkey has always been subject to negative trade balance, which is not beneficial to its economic performance. © 2023 by IGI Global. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 8
The impact of foreign trade issues on economic growth in some developing countries including Iran and Turkey
(Routledge, 2017) Gökmen, Aytaç; Temiz Dinç, D.; Gökmen, A.; Nakip, Mahir; Nakip, M.; Azari, N.M.; 52039; 17660; 118963; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
The issue of foreign trade and economic growth have been on the economic agenda for centuries. Foreign trade is a facilitator of goods and services exchange in the global marketplace and is an engine of economic growth in a country. Moreover, economic growth is a means to improve the output, employment opportunities, and welfare, which in turn could make a favorable impact on the positive foreign trade balance. Economic growth is also an essential component of country competitiveness in international markets. Yet, the objective of this study is to analyze the correlation between foreign trade and economic growth in some developing countries, including Iran and Turkey, by using econometrics applications (panel co-integration method and E-views software), also resting on credible national and international publications. Thus, it is estimated in the study that foreign trade has a positive impact on economic growth, resource allocation, energy and green energy consumption, human capital development, and physical capital consumption. © 2017 Taylor & Francis.
Citation - Scopus: 0
The Importance of the Destination Choices of Tourists: The Case of Kazakh Tourists Visiting Turkey
(IGI Global, 2020) Nakip, Mahir; Nakip, M.; Gökmen, A.; Gökmen, Aytaç; 118963; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
This article describes how the tourism industry is one of the cornerstones of an economy when utilized effectively. Moreover, since the tourism destinations in a country cannot be moved to the visitors, tourists are promoted to visit these places. Therefore, in order to entice the tourists to visit a country, it is indispensable to advertise and promote a destination properly with its hospitality, recreation, sightseeing, sun, sea and natural characteristics in order to attract more visitors. Thus, the aim of this article is to review the literature comprehensively on the economic reflections of the tourism industry, significance of the marketing and promotion of destinations. With this information, the factors affecting the destination choices of tourists are determined. Finally, these factors are used to review the destination preferences of Kazakh tourists to the Turkish Republic by taking destination attractiveness, attributes and management issues into consideration alongside statistical applications. © 2021, IGI Global.