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Browsing by Author "Hammood, Dalal A."

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    Citation - WoS: 15
    Citation - Scopus: 37
    Critical Data-Based Incremental Cooperative Communication for Wireless Body Area Network
    (Mdpi, 2018) Al-Mishmish, Hameed; Alkhayyat, Ahmed; Rahim, Hasliza A.; Hammood, Dalal A.; Ahmad, R. Badlishah; Abbasi, Qammer H.
    Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are single- hop network systems, where sensors gather the body's vital signs and send them directly to master nodes (MNs). The sensors are distributed in or on the body. Therefore, body posture, clothing, muscle movement, body temperature, and climatic conditions generally influence the quality of the wireless link between sensors and the destination. Hence, in some cases, single hop transmission ('direct transmission') is not sufficient to deliver the signals to the destination. Therefore, we propose an emergency-based cooperative communication protocol for WBAN, named Critical Data-based Incremental Cooperative Communication (CD-ICC), based on the IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA standard but assuming a lognormal shadowing channel model. In this paper, a complete study of a system model is inspected in the terms of the channel path loss, the successful transmission probability, and the outage probability. Then a mathematical model is derived for the proposed protocol, end-to-end delay, duty cycle, and average power consumption. A new back-off time is proposed within CD-ICC, which ensures the best relays cooperate in a distributed manner. The design objective of the CD-ICC is to reduce the end-to-end delay, the duty cycle, and the average power transmission. The simulation and numerical results presented here show that, under general conditions, CD-ICC can enhance network performance compared to direct transmission mode (DTM) IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA and benchmarking. To this end, we have shown that the power saving when using CD-ICC is 37.5% with respect to DTM IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA and 10% with respect to MI-ICC.
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    Conference Object
    Citation - WoS: 0
    Citation - Scopus: 3
    New Microstrip Quasi Fractal Antennas: Design and Simulation Results
    (Ieee, 2016) Mezaal, Yaqeen S.; Hammood, Dalal A.
    New microstrip antennas based on modified versions of Minkowski-like pre-fractal closed loop resonators have been designed in this study as quasi-fractal devices. Both of them have been designed using single layer substrate and dual via ports to operate as multi frequency antennas. The proposed antennas have compact sizes with good radiation performances, which can be adopted in various wireless applications.
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    Conference Object
    Citation - WoS: 0
    Citation - Scopus: 12
    OTP Encryption Enhancement Based on Logical Operations
    (Ieee, 2016) Mezaal, Yaqeen S.; Hammood, Dalal A.; Ali, Mohammed H.
    With continuous development of hacking technologies, it is necessary to provide users with a protected background that secures their resources against unlawful access by enforcing control mechanisms. To neutralize such these threats, the enhanced one time pad (OTP) technique has been introduced. Accordingly, to encrypt text, the key is combined with the message. The key length has to have a same length of the message. In this paper, a new method to enhance OTP data encryption using AND and XOR functions has been adopted. Firstly, message and original key are combined by logical AND operation, then the new text will be XORed with a key again to produce more complicated cipher.