İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü

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Arab sources on the life of galen
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2008) Starr, Peter; 144003
This paper contains a summary of the chapter on Galen’s life provided by Ibn Abi Usaybi’a. The Galen section shows the impressive range of the material on which a medieval Syrian physician, historian and bibliophile, could draw. Where the versions and fragments of information available to him are otherwise lost, the details he provides are of particular importance. At the same time it is clear that in the East the biography of Galen underwent some curious transformations, just as a large number of spurious works were in circulation. This paper also looks at little-known references to Galen which show his significance for medieval writers
Bibliyoterapi
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2007) Öner, Uğur; 113200
Bibliotherapy as a counceling technique is, in short, a way of bringing together the right person with the right book at the right time. Using books in psyhological counceling has a long history. Bibliotherapy starts when the reader catches the dynamic relationship between the story and his/her personality, and progresses on the following three stages which are defined as (1) identification and reflection (2) catharsis and (3) gaining insight and integration. Bibliotherapy begins with the preparation stage during which the councelor must choose the right books. Eventhough it sounds to be an easy technique of counceling, it is important for psychological councelors and educators to be efficient in implementing bibliotherapy. They must clarify their aims and they must also be aware of the limitations of this technique. In this article, the importance of stories in human life and its usage as a a means of counceling through bibliotherapy are defined
British national identity, topicality and tradition in the poetry of Simon Armitage
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2008) Coussens, Catherine
This paper explores the treatment of British national identity, topicality and tradition in the work of Simon Armitage, alongside broader issues concerning contemporary public poetry in Britain. Armitage, with Carol Ann Duffy, is a major candidate for the position of Poet Laureate in 2009. Both poets have explored constructions of national identity in their work, but it is Armitage who has located himself more assertively within the arena of public, national poetry. Despite his focus on modern life-styles and discourses, and deployment of the mass media to disseminate his poetry into non-literary public spaces, Armitage is particularly sensitive to literary and cultural tradition. Within his work, which is deliberately accessible and contemporary, tradition is always at play in terms of allusion, response and interrogation. In this sense, his poetry both occupies and challenges notions of canonicity and traditional conceptions of British national identity. His recent focus on the theme of conflict also works to expose the inadequacy of mainstream assertions of continuity and meaning when constructing national identity. Armitage places Britishness and British literature within a broader ‘Millennial’ schema of eclipse, destruction and regeneration. For Armitage the recurrence of the theme of conflict throughout literary history both connects the literature of the present day with that of the past and emphasises the future’s instability and eternal lack of resolution. Therefore, Armitage’s modern translations of canonical texts like the Odyssey and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight foreground the fact that disharmony and conflict are, and have always been, national preoccupations
Challenges to Ekphrastic Poetry: Carol Ann Duffy’s “Standing Female Nude”
(2013) Uzundemir, Özlem; 49324; İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı
Ekphrasis rests on the paragone between the sister arts, namely verbal and visual arts, the word and the image. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing in his Laocoön claims that the image is silent and fixed while the literary work is based on voice and action. W. J. T. Mitchell in his Picture Theory enlarges this binary opposition between the word and image in terms of gender roles: the female image versus the male word. The female image is objectified and gazed, while the male author/artist is the subject and the gazer. The poet laureate Carol Ann Duffy’s poem “Standing Female Nude” challenges such binary oppositions by giving voice not to the male artist but to his female model, and by attributing the role of gazing to her. Hence, the aim of this article is to display how Duffy deconstructs the ekphrastic tradition in her poem in order to subvert the domineering relationship between the artist and his model.
Cognitive Reading Strategies
(2019) İnal, Bülent; 16587; Yabancı Diller Bölümü
The Book, “Contemporary Issues in ELT” aims to introduce the new trends of the last decade. All the chapters are original papers and attempt to propose solutions to learning challenges in language teaching. The authors promote and concentrate on the CEFR, learner autonomy, nonverbal communication, learning anxiety, problem-based learning, constructivism, testing, vocabulary, and the teaching of reading. Each chapter starts with learning objectives to stimulate the learners and ends with discussion questions. We hope that this format will help the readers comprehend these new ideas and trends deeply and reflect upon them carefully.
Configuration of Transient Shelters As Alternative Spaces Through Nomadic Acts in Doris Lessing'S
(Cyprus International University, 2019) Güvenç, Ö. Ü.
Doris Lessing's short story "An Old Woman and Her Cat" from her collection, The Temptation of Jack Orkney, revolves around the nomadic experiences of an old and homeless woman in various places and her survival under poor living circumstances with her cat. The places occupied by the old woman in this story such as the Council flats, the room in the slum and the ruined flat in a wealthy neighbourhood cannot be considered as proper homes where people have a sense of belonging; rather, they are just material places she tries to appropriate as shelters temporarily on the way without a feeling of warmth and attachment to them. Focusing on the woman and the cat's relationship with their surrounding provides a discussion on space and nomadism within the framework of Henri Lefebvre's spatial tripartite - the perceived, the conceived and the lived - which is related to Rosi Braidotti's theory on nomadism. It also reveals the social norms and values, which disregard an old woman and her cat's struggle for life in a metropolis. Therefore, this article aims to discuss not only the material qualities of transient places in London and their conceived perspective which segregates the poor and the homeless from the wealthy but also the old woman's configuration of alternative spaces for herself out of the ruins without a sense of home.
Nature, Criticism Of The World, And Love In “Dover Beach” And “Love Among The Ruıns”
(2015) Güneş, Ayşe; 53100; İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı
Matthew Arnold’s “Dover Beach” and Robert Browning’s “Love among the Ruins” have been analyzed comparatively with other poems. However, there has not been a comparative study of these two poems written by two Victorian poets, and such a study is valuable as these poems have common qualities. To cite a few, in both poems, nature is a prevalent theme portrayed through ambivalent images, and the world is criticized for different reasons. These reasons are loss of faith in “Dover Beach” and foul human nature in “Love among the Ruins,” and war in both of them. In relation to the theme of criticism against the world, change is a concept portrayed through contemplation of the past. In “Dover Beach,” this change is expressed through the depiction of loss of faith, and in “Love among the Ruins,” the change is physical within the context of a fallen empire. Love is appreciated in both poems for different reasons. In “Dover Beach,” it is the only saviour, and in “Love among the Ruins,” it is considered as a peaceful and eternal force. This paper attempts to make a further study to compare “Dover Beach” and “Love among the Ruins” which share remarkable thematic similarities as well as differences in terms of their imagery of nature, criticism against the world, and appreciation of love.
Öfkeli genç adam - Holden-
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2006) Öner, Uğur; Yılmaz Kurt, Zeynep; 113200; 103796
Bu çalışmada, Salinger’ın 1950’lerin başında basılan ve genç roman kahramanının ergenlik dönemi bunalımlarını çarpıcı bir biçimde yansıtan romanı, Gönülçelen’in Amerika ve diğer ülkelerdeki yankıları üzerinde durulmuştur. Baş kahraman, Holden’ın asi ve tutarsız davranışlarının psikolojik açıdan incelenmesi, Holden’ı bu ruh haline iten nedenler ve Holden’ın tüm yaşadığı bu sorunlara yaklaşımı ve nasıl üstesinden geldiği irdelenmiştir.
Öfkeli Genç Adam - Holden-
(2006) Öner, Uğur; Yılmaz Kurt, Zeynep; 349063; 103796
Bu çalışmada, Salinger’ın 1950’lerin başında basılan ve genç roman kahramanının ergenlik dönemi bunalımlarını çarpıcı bir biçimde yansıtan romanı, Gönülçelen’in Amerika ve diğer ülkelerdeki yankıları üzerinde durulmuştur. Baş kahraman, Holden’ın asi ve tutarsız davranışlarının psikolojik açıdan incelenmesi, Holden’ı bu ruh haline iten nedenler ve Holden’ın tüm yaşadığı bu sorunlara yaklaşımı ve nasıl üstesinden geldiği irdelenmiştir.
Salvation through beauty: Iris Murdoch’s new religion in a godless universe
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2008) Yılmaz Kurt, Zeynep; 103796
Novelist Iris Murdoch is also a modern philosopher, who is aware of the moral dilemma of the scientific age. For her, morality is the only means of salvation in this age, as she considers morals not related with religion but with metaphysics. Thus, any moral attempt to achieve good is a transcendental experience. This paper explores Murdoch’s moral philosophy with reference to her artist character Tim Reede in Nuns and Soldiers.
Social Reality Versus Ontological Reality: The Differing Sense of Reality in The Great Gatsby and Heart of Darkness
(2007) Yılmaz Kurt, Zeynep; 103796
F. Scott Fitzgerald’ın The Great Gatsby adlı romanında, Conrad’in özellikle Heart of Darkness adlı romanında kullandığı teknikten etkilendiği pek çok eleştirmen tarafından dile getirilmiştir. Bu makale, özellikle anlatım teknikleri, kurgu ve karakter çizimi yönünden iki roman arasındaki benzerlikleri vurgular. Bu benzerliklere rağmen, iki romanın farklı gerçeklikleri yansıttığı da ileri sürülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, anlatım tekniği, karakter çizimi ve yozlaşma - medeniyet kavramlarının ele alınması konusunda Fitzgerald’ın Conrad’a benzediği, ancak konuya yaklaşımlarının çok farklı olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Fitzgerald yozlaşmayı sosyal bir bozulma olarak ele alırken Conrad bunu tamamen insan doğasıyla ilşkilendirmiştir. Conrad’da insanın yapısı, Fitzgerald’da sosyal bozulma ile ilişkilendirilen yozlaşma kavramına bu farklı yaklaşımlar iki romandaki gerçeklik kavramlarının da farklı olduğunu gösterir.
“Social reality versus ontological reality: the differing sense of reality in the great gatsby and heart of darkness
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2007) Yılmaz Kurt, Zeynep; 103796
F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby is discussed widely for being influenced by Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. This article refers to the relevance of Conradian influences and the parallels between these two novels in terms of narration techniques, plot and characterization. Despite these parallels, however, it is also argued that the two novels reflect reality on different dimensions. It concludes by stating that Fitzgerald shares the same concern with Conrad in narration technique, in characterization and in handling the idea of corruption and civilisation, but their approach to the subject of corruption and civilisation differs. Fitzgerald considers corruption as a social vice, whereas , in Conrad it is associated with human nature altogether. These differing ideas of corruption, as an ontological fact in Conrad and as a social vice in Fitzgerald, prove also that their concept of reality is different
The “Morally Ideal Woman” in Middlemarch
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2012) Demir, Yağmur; 30410; İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı
As a Victorian novelist, George Eliot depicts the 19th century English society and its system of values with respect to class stratification in her novel Middlemarch. Three main social classes of English society- aristocracy, middle-class, and working class- are rendered in detail with the help of three women figures representing the classes. With realistic representations related to society, Eliot lets the reader reach conclusions about the events and characters. The readers are introduced to the moral values of the classes, and the implicit moral teachings of Eliot. In this frame, Dorothea, Rosamond, and Mary are portrayed as the products of their classes’ moral values, aristocracy, middle class and working class respectively
Towards a context for Ibn Umayl, known to chaucer as the alchemist ‘senior’
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2009) Starr, Peter; 144003
This article will present what we know of the life and times of an important alchemist, Ibn Umayl. It is entitled ‘Towards a Context’ because I have not yet consulted a number of his treatises, which are mostly only available as manuscripts. Ibn Umayl’s position in alchemy accords with Hermetic doctrines, and may have developed as a traditionalist reaction to developments in alchemy around the time of Jabir ibn Hayyan. The paper offers an overview of the influence Ibn Umayl on western literature, beginning with a quotation from The Canterbury Tales which shows knowledge of Ibn Umayl. The overview then goes on to look at the reception of his works in Arabic-Islamic alchemy. The last part of the paper, which makes use of published research and unpublished manuscripts, puts together what we know of his life, and places his ideas in the context of a school of thought. The writer is inclined to agree with researchers who say that Ibn Umayl was Egyptian, although the evidence is conflicting. Quoting The Pure Pearl and The Silvery Water in particular, the article emphasizes the alchemist’s faithfulness to Hermetic doctrines, although in a particular, Islamic, dispensation
“Under our Cedar’s shadow”: royalist women poets and the English restoration
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2007) Coussens, Catherine
This paper compares the work of three lesser-known royalist women poets (Rachel Jevon, Ann Lee, and the anonymous female author of The Sacred Historie) to explore the subtle ways in which these writers connect their personal literary projects to the specific requirements of the Restoration regime. Despite the strategic emphasis on masculine authority within the numerous panegyrics addressed to the king in the aftermath of the Restoration in 1660, an alternative impulse in female-authored texts configures the return of the monarchy as an event which women are especially qualified to celebrate. In elevating conventionally feminine values, these poets were able to associate themselves with the social and political agenda of the Restoration government, which aimed to reconcile the English people to their past, and ease tensions associated with the Restoration Settlement, the General Pardon, and the Act of Oblivion. Since the civil wars had created distrust and resentment concerning politics and polemic, women poets could exploit their position as literary and political “outsiders” to justify their rehearsal of the role of “public” poet. However, in promoting their own specific interests, as loyalists whose families had suffered for the Crown, women poets also assert their own hopes for the future path of the monarchy, reminding the king of the significance of his traditional supporters, and emphasising his duty to subordinate himself to God and the English Church
Updating the restoration Libertine in Tanika Gupta’s contemporary adaptation of William Wycherley’s the country wife
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2009) Coussens, Catherine
This paper analyses Tanika Gupta’s contemporary version of William Wycherley’s Restoration comedy, The Country Wife, particularly in terms of its treatment of the libertine character central to the genre described as ‘sex’ or ‘marriage’ comedy, popular during the 1660s and 1670s (Rosenthal 7-8). By resituating the play in contemporary multicultural London, Gupta enables a critique of contemporary gender and marital mores amongst young, ethnically-hybrid communities to emerge, problematising patriarchal, misogynist or aggressive versions of masculine identity, and asserting the right of individual men and women to choose their own marriage partners. However, she also gives place to the libertine ethos as it was valorised in early modern sex comedies. Critical debate concerning the social and moral implications of the libertine have remained active since the seventeenth century, with the libertine character generally interpreted as either a refreshing freedom-seeker or an anxious misogynist. While Wycherley’s play celebrates but finally limits and condemns the efforts of the libertine to disrupt patriarchal social structures, returning the rebellious upperclass ladies to patriarchal authority, and condemning Horner to future (teputedly impotent) oblivion, Gupta’s female libertines, Dolly and Daisy, remain fun-loving outsiders ready to embark on new adventures, while Hardeep/Horner succeeds in assisting the “country wife” to escape an unhappy marriage. Gupta’s version of the play draws parallels between Restoration social debate – particularly concerning morality, marriage, patriarchy and class – and the ethnically charged debates concerning cultural identity, marriage and gender rights which dominate twenty-first century urban Britain.
Vampire versus the empire: Bram Stoker's reproach of fin-de-siecle Britain in dracula
(Cambridge Univ. Press., 2018) Koç, Ertuğrul; Demir, Yağmur; 6497; 30410; İngilizce Mütercimlik ve Tercümanlık; İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı
Much has been said about Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897), the out-of-tradition exemplar of the Gothic which, perhaps, has had a more pervasive effect on our understanding of life and death, gender roles and identity, and sex and perversity than any other work of the genre. The vampire from the so-called dark ages has become a symbol standing for the uncontrollable powers acting on us and also for all the discarded, uncanny phenomena in human nature and history. The work, however, has usually been taken by the critics of Gothic literature as “a paradigmatic Gothic text” (Brewster 488) representing the social, psychological, and sexual traumas of the late-nineteenth century. Hence, it has been analysed as a work “breaking [the] taboos, [and in need of being] read as an expression of specifically late Victorian concerns” (Punter and Byron 231). The text has also been seen as “reinforc[ing] readers’ suspicions that the authorities (including people, institutions and disciplines) they trust are ineffectual” (Senf 76). Yet, it has hardly ever been taken as offering an alternative Weltanschauung in place of the decaying Victorian ethos. True, Dracula is a fin-de-siècle novel and deals with the turbulent paradigmatic shift from the Victorian to the modern, and Stoker, by creating the lecherous vampire and his band as the doppelgängers of the sexually sterile and morally pretentious bourgeois types (who are, in fact, inclined to lascivious joys), reveals the moral hypocrisy and sexual duplicity of his time. But, it is also true that by juxtaposing the “abnormal” against the “normal” he targets the utilitarian bourgeois ethics of the empire: aware of the Victorian pragmatism on which the concept of the “normal” has been erected, he, with an “abnormal” historical figure (Vlad Drăculea of the House of Drăculești, 1431–76) who appears as Count Dracula in the work, attacks the ethical superstructure of Britain which has already imposed on the Victorians the “pathology of normalcy” (Fromm 356). Hence, Stoker's choice of title character, the sadistic Vlad the Impaler, who fought against the Ottoman Empire in the closing years of the Middle Ages, and his anachronistic rendering of Dracula as a Gothic invader of the Early Middle Ages are not coincidental (Figure 8). In the world of the novel, this embodiment of the early and late paradigms is the antagonistic power arrayed against the supposedly stable, but in reality fluctuating, fin-de-siècle ethos. However, by turning this personification of the “evil” past into a sexual enigma for the band of men who are trying to preserve the Victorian patriarchal hegemony, Stoker suggests that if Victorian sterile faith in the “normal” is defeated through a historically extrinsic (in fact, currently intrinsic) anomaly, a more comprehensive social and ethical epoch that has made peace with the past can be started.
“Virtue’s commonwealth”: gendering the royalist cultural rebellion in the English interregnum (1649-1660)
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2006) Coussens, Catherine
Historians and literary critics have acknowledged the ways in which royalism during the English civil war period came to be associated with the “feminisation” of Stuart court culture, and of the king’s cause as a whole. However, they have failed to attend adequately to the deliberate focus on women and female cultural authority within the literature associated with the “royalist cultural rebellion” (the movement that sought to preserve and recall the ethos and identity of the banished Stuart court). While male poets adopted a self-mocking tone when advertising their artistic dependence on female patrons, alluding self-consciously to their own “feminised” retirement, women’s active role in commissioning, preserving, disseminating and composing royalist literature suggests that their cultural importance was enhanced by the conditions of the Interregnum. Both royalist and parliamentarian propagandists exploited anti-feminist satire to condemn what they saw as illegitimate forms of government. However, royalist traditionalists overtly connected elite royalist women with the ethos and situation of the eclipsed Stuart monarchy, and sought to address a burgeoning female readership by stressing women’s advantages under the Crown. Royalist women in turn responded to these cultural constructions of royalism and femininity, creating powerful authorial identities that would remain potent after the Restoration in 1660
Yabancı dil öğretim ve öğreniminde eski ve yeni yöntemlere yeni bir bakış
(Çankaya Üniversitesi, 2006) Tosun, Cengiz; İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı
During the early years of the millennium, it will be useful for us to understand better the future of learning and teaching of foreign languages by scanning shortly what happened in the last quarter of the 20th C. just before making predictions about what kinds of trend and novelty will take place in them. Indeed, the facts experienced in the last quarter led to some drastic changes in our beliefs about the nature of language and learning as well as the theories in education, and which has led inevitably to change in the ways of practice in classroom due to the novelties concluded by the scientific research. Before the assessment of the principal methods, we should know something about the traditional three-fold concepts of teaching and learning such as approach, method and technique and about their reconceptualized forms called approach, design and procedure respectively. The results achieved through the traditional methods and approaches in the field of foreign language teaching and learning have satisfied no one in spite of the unending efforts by students and teachers, great cost to schools and parents. Most of the students who spent their years in classrooms to learn a foreign language cannot use the language or go on repeating the predictable responses by grammatical patterns and certain vocabulary unaware of the communication expected of them outside the classroom. Although the students have got considerable knowledge about the language, they do not know how to use that knowledge for communication. That is why they should be helped with the teachers who will tell them that language is not only of grammatical patterns and some vocabulary, and who bring in classroom the examples of authentic language of the real outer world, and who will have the students use the language communicatively, and who are equipped with the novel ideas, trends and creative practices through new approaches, designs and procedures.

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