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A Hybrid Approach Based on Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques for Analyzing Last-Mile Parcel Delivery
(Springer India, 2025) Kanik, Zehra B.; Eriskan, Sibel; Soysal, Mehmet; Omurgonulsen, Mine
Operational excellence in last-mile delivery is becoming increasingly challenging, highlighting the need for a strategic assessment framework to improve decision-making processes. This study aims to provide a strategic assessment tool for last-mile parcel delivery processes, which are critical in terms of service levels, cost management and sustainability. The study presents a comprehensive approach to identify and prioritise feasible strategies by combining qualitative data obtained from expert opinions with Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis (SWOT) and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods. As a result of semi-structured interviews conducted with nine experts, 27 strategic criteria were identified and classified under SWOT dimensions. The 10 strategies developed during the interviews were evaluated by using the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (IFS) approach, which considers expert reliability, the Full Consistency Method (FUCOM) for weighting, and the Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) technique for final ranking. There is a clear gap in the literature regarding critical criteria and strategies for last-mile delivery in developing economies. Since it is not possible to implement all strategies simultaneously due to limited resources, the strategies proposed in this study have been prioritised according to their relative importance. While expert-based evaluations in the literature typically assume that experts have equal influence, this study differs from the literature by weighting experts based on their level of experience. This approach not only addresses the gap in strategy and criterion development in the literature but also offers a more realistic and feasible approach from an implementation perspective. The findings show that all strategies are meaningful in improving last-mile performance, but their impact levels vary. "Developing public and corporate strategies for environmental sustainability" stands out as the highest priority strategy with a performance index of 100 points, while "Incorporating parcel transportation-related topics into logistics management education" is considered as the lowest priority strategy with 91.94 points. Limitations of this study arise from the niche nature of the sector and the small sample size.
Citation - WoS: 13
Citation - Scopus: 14
An Accurate Legendre Collocation Scheme for Coupled Hyperbolic Equations With Variable Coefficients
(Editura Acad Romane, 2014) Doha, E. H.; Baleanu, Dumitru; Bhrawy, A. H.; Baleanu, D.; Abdelkawy, M. A.; 56389; Matematik
The study of numerical solutions of nonlinear coupled hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) with variable coefficients subject to initial-boundary conditions continues to be a major research area with widespread applications in modern physics and technology. One of the most important advantages of collocation method is the possibility of dealing with nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs) as well as PDEs with variable coefficients. A numerical solution based on a Legendre collocation method is extended to solve nonlinear coupled hyperbolic PDEs with variable coefficients. This approach, which is based on Legendre polynomials and Gauss-Lobatto quadrature integration, reduces the solving of nonlinear coupled hyperbolic PDEs with variable coefficients to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations that is far easier to solve. The obtained results show that the proposed numerical algorithm is efficient and very accurate.
Citation - Scopus: 5
Active Defense Strategy Against Jamming Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks
(Modern Education and Computer Science Press, 2019) Al-Shai, N.F.A.; Hassanpour, R.
Wireless Sensor Networks WSNs are being utilized increasingly nowadays due to their ability to collect data from stationary, moving, reachable or unreachable fields. Progressive developments in WSN techniques add efficiency, reliability and better power management possibility, but they are still vulnerable and sensitive to security threats. The most effective threat to WSN is DOS attacks, which are detectable but in many cases unpreventable yet. An authentication-based defensive approach against DOS attack combined with jamming attack that prevents transferring data between attacked nodes in a cluster and cluster head node is proposed in this study. The proposed method encompasses developing an algorithm with ability to bypass attacked path via alternative safe one under control of cluster head to mitigate the False Node Excluding DOS due to jamming attack. The proposed method has been experimentally tested against similar methods from the literature with arbitrary study cases. Our proposed algorithm shows promising results in mitigating False Node Exclusion DOS (FNEDOS) attack where a full recovery of the attacked node is achieved in case of isolated nodes, and improvement between 36% and 52% is obtained when the attack affects a group of nodes at proxim © 2019 MECS.
The Adaptation of Modern Housing Heritage: Authenticity and Integrity in the Case of Cité Modèle
(Univ Politecnica Valencia, Editorial Upv, 2024) Ozmen, Ayca
The post-war social housing estate, Cit & eacute; Mod & egrave;le (Model City) in Laeken-Brussel (BE) was designed with CIAM principles in 1950s as a high-rise modern residential district where different types of dwellings integrated with car-free zones, wide green areas and various social facilities. Today it is an exceptional urban site in the history of modern architecture in Belgium. However, physical deterioration and socio-economic vulnerability necessitated the adaptation of the settlement in 2005, leading to the preparation of a masterplan which included a twelve-year of rehabilitation programme. Different types of interventions, both prior to this masterplan and in accordance with it, have led to changes in different attributes of this living heritage site. This paper aims to discuss the impacts of various conservation and adaptation strategies on the authenticity and integrity of the modern housing heritage, while considering expanding and questioning their definitions. The methodology includes literature review, field surveys, case study analyses, and comparative tabular evaluations to explore the dimensions of authenticity and integrity in modern housing heritage. The research on this case study has the potential to address a notable question in the literature on both architectural conservation and design based on the dialogue between continuity and change, and the re-interpretation of authenticity and integrity regarding a living modern heritage site.
Adaptive Decision Fusion Based Framework for Short-Term Wind Speed and Turbulence Intensity Forecasting: Case Study for North West of Turkey
(2017) Toreyin, Behcet Ugur; Dinçkal, Çiğdem; Küçükali, Serhat; 20413; 26773
:In this paper, an online learning framework called adaptive decision fusion (ADF) is employed for short-term wind speed and turbulence intensity forecasting by use of wind speed data for each season for the city of ˙Izmit, located in the northwest of Turkey. Fixed-weight (FW) linear combination is derived and used for comparison with ADF. Wind speeds and turbulence intensities are predicted from the existing wind speed data and computed turbulence intensities, respectively, using the ADF and FW methods. Simulations are carried out for each season and the results are tested on mean absolute percentage error criterion. It is shown that the proposed model captured the system dynamic behavior and made accurate predictions based on the seasonal wind speed characteristics of the site. The procedure described here can be used to estimate the local velocity and turbulence intensity in a wind power plant during a storm.
Adaptive Estimation of Autoregression Models Under Long-Tailed Symmetric Distribution
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2024) Yentur, Begum; Akkaya, Aysen D.; Bayrak, Ozlem Turker
Non-normal innovations in autoregression models frequently occur in practice. In this situation, least squares (LS) estimators are known to be inefficient and non-robust, and maximum likelihood (ML) estimators need to be solved numerically, which becomes a daunting task. In the literature, the modified maximum likelihood (MML) estimation technique has been proposed to obtain the estimators of model parameters. While an explicit solution can be found via this method, the requirement of knowing the shape parameter becomes a drawback, especially in machine learning. In this study, we use the adaptive modified maximum likelihood (AMML) methodology, which combines the MML with Huber's M-estimation so that this assumption is relaxed. The performance of the method in terms of efficiency and robustness is analyzed via simulation and compared to LS, MML and ML estimates that are obtained numerically via the Expectation Conditional Maximization (ECM) algorithm. Test statistics are proposed for the crucial parameters of the model. The results show that the AMML estimators are preferable in most of the settings according to the mean squared error (MSE) criterion and the test statistics based on AMML method are more robust than the others. Furthermore, both real life and synthetic data examples are given.
Citation - WoS: 34
Adaptive Fractional-Order Blood Glucose Regulator Based on High-Order Sliding Mode Observer
(inst Engineering Technology-iet, 2019) Heydarinejad, Hamid; Baleanu, Dumitru; Delavari, Hadi; 56389
Type I diabetes is described by the destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreas. Hence, exogenous insulin administration is necessary for Type I diabetes patients. In this study, to estimate the states that are not directly available from the Bergman minimal model a high-order sliding mode observer is proposed. Then fractional calculus is combined with sliding mode control (SMC) for blood glucose regulation to create more robustness performance and make more degree of freedom and flexibility for the proposed method. Then an adaptive fractional-order SMC is proposed. The adaptive SMC protect controller against disturbance and uncertainties while the fractional calculus provides robust performance. Numerical simulation verifies that the proposed controllers have better performance in the presence of disturbance and uncertainties without chattering.
Adaptive Optics Applied To the Scintillation Index in Tissues
(Optica Publishing Group, 2025) Baykal, Yahya
Mitigation of the scintillation index of a collimated Gaussian beam, occurring in a turbulent tissue, is investigated by applying adaptive optics. Tilt and astigmatism types of adaptive optics corrections are applied, and the reduction in the tissue scintillations, referenced to no adaptive optics (No AO) scintillations, is reported for tilt only (T Only), astigmatism only (A Only), and total (T + A) adaptive optics correction. Reduction in the scintillations is analyzed against the tissue length, Gaussian laser beam source size, wavelength, receiver aperture diameter, and the tissue turbulence parameters, which are the strength coefficient of the refractive-index fluctuations, fractal dimension, characteristic length of heterogeneity, and small length-scale factor. Finally, the adaptive optics effect on the scintillations is reported for some specific tissue types of liver parenchyma (mouse), intestinal epithelium (mouse), and upper dermis (human). (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.
Citation - WoS: 15
Citation - Scopus: 16
Adaptive Optics Correction of Scintillation in Underwater Medium
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Baykal, Yahya; 7812
Adaptive optics correction of the scintillation index of a Gaussian laser beam in underwater turbulence is studied. To introduce the adaptive optics correction, filter functions providing the piston, tilt and astigmatism effects are adapted to promote the spectrum of underwater turbulence. The reduction of the scintillation index due to the individual piston, tilt, astigmatism effects and their sum is examined versus the ratio of temperature to salinity contributions to the refractive index spectrum, the rate of dissipation of mean squared temperature, the rate of dissipation of kinetic energy per unit mass of fluid, receiving aperture diameter, source size, link length and the wavelength. For any value of underwater turbulence parameter, the most effective adaptive optics corrections are found to be the piston, tilt and astigmatism, respectively.
Citation - WoS: 3
Citation - Scopus: 5
Adomian-Pade Approximate Solutions To the Conformable Non-Linear Heat Transfer Equation
(Vinca inst Nuclear Sci, 2019) Inc, Mustafa; Yusuf, Abdullahi; Baleanu, Dumitru; Aliyu, Aliyu Isa; 56389
This paper adopts the Adomian decomposition method and the Pade approximation technique to derive the approximate solutions of a conformable heat transfer equation by considering the new definition of the Adomian polynomials. The Pade approximate solutions are derived along with interesting figures showing the approximate solutions.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 7
An Adoptive Renewable Energy Resource Selection Using Hesitant Pythagorean Fuzzy Dematel and Vikor Methods
(Ios Press, 2022) Narayanamoorthy, Samayan; Kang, Daekook; Baleanu, Dumitru; Geetha, Selvaraj; 56389
Nowadays, energy from renewable energy resources (RERs) partially satisfies society's energy demands. Investment in the renewable energy system is an arduous task because of huge investments. Generally, RERs selection involves conflicting criteria. Hence there is necessary to evaluate the RERs alternatives in economic, technological, and environmental aspects. Here, DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method has been utilized to assess the interrelationship among the criteria under hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy (HPF) information. The Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) has recently obtained enormous attention and is applied widely in decision-making. We have proposed an integrating model with DEMATEL and VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje) methods to identify and evaluate the criteria and alternatives in RERs selection. Within the proposed model, the HPF-DEMATEL method is utilized for weighting the criteria, and the HPF-VIKOR method is utilized for ranking. Finally, an illustrative example demonstrates the proposed method.
Citation - Scopus: 8
Advanced Analysis of Local Fractional Calculus Applied To the Rice Theory in Fractal Fracture Mechanics
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Baleanu, D.; Srivastava, H.M.; Yang, X.-J.; 56389
In this chapter, the recent results for the analysis of local fractional calculus are considered for the first time. The local fractional derivative (LFD) and the local fractional integral (LFI) in the fractional (real and complex) sets, the series and transforms involving the Mittag-Leffler function defined on Cantor sets are introduced and reviewed. The uniqueness of the solutions of the local fractional differential and integral equations and the local fractional inequalities are considered in detail. The local fractional vector calculus is applied to describe the Rice theory in fractal fracture mechanics. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Advanced Modelling of Transport Problems in Heat-Mass and Related Fluid Mechanics
(Vinca inst Nuclear Sci, 2021) Hristov, Jordan; Baleanu, Dumitru; Kumar, Devendra; Baleanu, Dumitru; 56389; Matematik
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
Advanced Rheological Characterization of Asphalt Binders Modified With Eco-Friendly and Polymer-Based Additives Under Dynamic Loading
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Almusawi, A.; Nasraldeen, S.T.N.
This study explores the rheological performance of bitumen modified with a synthetic polymer (styrene–butadiene–styrene, SBS) and two environmentally sustainable additives—animal bone ash (AB) and waste cooking oil (WCO)—to enhance durability and deformation resistance under dynamic loading. Frequency sweep and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) tests were conducted to evaluate viscoelastic and fatigue behavior. SBS at 5% showed the highest elasticity and fatigue life, making it optimal for heavily trafficked pavements. Among bio-waste additives, 6% AB provided the highest stiffness and rutting resistance in laboratory tests; however, 5% AB offered a better balance between structural integrity and cracking resistance, making it more suitable for general pavement applications. WCO-modified binders demonstrated improved flexibility, with 4% WCO achieving the best balance between elasticity and softening, ideal for low-load or temperate environments. These results highlight the potential of combining synthetic and bio-based waste materials to tailor bitumen properties for sustainable and climate-responsive pavement design. © 2025 by the authors.
Citation - Scopus: 9
Advanced Topics in Fractional Dynamics
(Hindawi Ltd, 2013) Srivastava, H. M.; Daftardar-Gejji, Varsha; Li, Changpin; Machado, J. A. Tenreiro; Baleanu, Dumitru; 56389
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
Age-Related Decline in Source and Associative Memory
(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Sumer, Erdi; Kaynak, Hande
This review explores the multifaceted nature of age-related decline in source memory and associative memory. The review highlights the potential effects of age-related decline in these types of memory. By integrating insights from behavioral, cognitive, and neuroscientific research, it examines how encoding, retrieval, and neural mechanisms influence this decline. Understanding these processes is critical to alleviate memory decline in older adults. Directing attention to source information during encoding, employing unitization techniques to strengthen memory associations, and utilizing metacognitive strategies to focus on relevant details show promise in enhancing memory retrieval for older adults. However, the review acknowledges limitations in processing resources and executive function, necessitating a nuanced approach to the complexities of age-related decline. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of understanding the complexities of age-related source and associative memory decline and the potential benefits of specific cognitive strategies. It emphasizes the need for continued research on age-related memory function to improve the quality of life for aging populations.
Citation - WoS: 10
Citation - Scopus: 10
Aggregation Operators for Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Hypersoft Set With Their Application To Solve Mcdm Problem
(Tech Science Press, 2023) Siddique, Imran; Ali, Rifaqat; Jarad, Fahd; Iampan, Aiyared; Zulqarnain, Rana Muhammad; 234808
Experts use Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft sets (PFHSS) in their investigations to resolve the indeterminate and imprecise information in the decision-making process. Aggregation operators (AOs) perform a leading role in perceptivity among two circulations of prospect and pull out concerns from that perception. In this paper, we extend the concept of PFHSS to interval-valued PFHSS (IVPFHSS), which is the generalized form of interval -valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft set. The IVPFHSS competently deals with uncertain and ambagious information compared to the existing interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set. It is the most potent method for amplifying fuzzy data in the decision-making (DM) practice. Some operational laws for IVPFHSS have been proposed. Based on offered operational laws, two inventive AOs have been established: interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft weighted average (IVPFHSWA) and interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy hypersoft weighted geometric (IVPFHSWG) operators with their essential properties. Multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) shows an active part in contracts with the difficulties in industrial enterprise for material selection. But, the prevalent MCGDM approaches consistently carry irreconcilable consequences. Based on the anticipated AOs, a robust MCGDM technique is deliberate for material selection in industrial enterprises to accommodate this shortcoming. A real-world application of the projected MCGDM method for material selection (MS) of cryogenic storing vessels is presented. The impacts show that the intended model is more effective and reliable in handling imprecise data based on IVPFHSS.
Citation - WoS: 32
Citation - Scopus: 37
Aggregation Operators for Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Soft Set With Their Application To Solve Multi-Attribute Group Decision Making Problem
(Tech Science Press, 2022) Zulqarnain, Rana Muhammad; Siddique, Imran; Iampan, Aiyared; Baleanu, Dumitru
Interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set (IVPFSS) is a generalization of the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (IVIFSS) and interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy set (IVPFS). The IVPFSS handled more uncertainty comparative to IVIFSS; it is the most significant technique for explaining fuzzy information in the decision-making process. In this work, some novel operational laws for IVPFSS have been proposed. Based on presented operational laws, two innovative aggregation operators (AOs) have been developed such as interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft weighted average (IVPFSWA) and interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft weighted geometric (IVPFSWG) operators with their fundamental properties. A multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) approach has been established utilizing our developed operators. A numerical example has been presented to ensure the validity of the proposed MAGDM technique. Finally, comparative studies have been given between the proposed approach and some existing studies. The obtained results through comparative studies show that the proposed technique is more credible and reliable than existing approaches.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Alevism in Recent Researches Written in English
(Gazi Univ, Turk Kulturu ve Haci Bektas veli, 2010) Kurt, Zeynep; Yilmaz Kurt, Zeynep; 103796; İngilizce Mütercimlik ve Tercümanlık
As a religious ethnic group that covers a considerable number of Turkish population, the history of Alevis goes back to the Ottoman-Safavid conflict in the 16(th) and 18(th) centuries. The history of Alevis, however, has not been well recorded, and relevantly researched. Starting from the 1980s, and due to the developing communication technologies and globalization, it has been possible to talk about an "Alevi revival" since the 1980s. This study aims to review the large bulk of research that is done on Alevism since the 1980s. The achieved results display a deep concern with Alevis in contemporary life, their history, traditions and beliefs as well as identity and integration problems of the Diasporas.
Algebraic Integration of Sigma-Model Field Equations
(Springer, 2009) Yilmaz, N. T.; 28932
We prove that the dualization algebra of the sigma model with a symmetric coset space is a Lie algebra and show that it generates an appropriate adjoint representation that allows integrating the field equations locally, which yields first-order equations.

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