Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Bölümü

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A Housing Satisfaction Study in an Area of Urban Transformation: The Case of the Turk-is Apartment Blocks
(Yıldız Technical Unıv, Fac Architecture, 2017) Kahraman, Zerrin Ezgi; Özdemir, Suna Senem; 50343; 25219
This study investigated the housing satisfaction and the urban transformation expectations in the Turk-is Blocks, built by a labor cooperative in the Altinpark neighborhood of Altindag, Ankara. The area was declared "risky" in 2013. A survey and in-depth interviews were conducted to examine the satisfaction of residents with housing and their expectations of urban transformation. The results revealed that a large number of the respondents were satisfied with their houses and living environment. Satisfaction increased with duration of time living in the area and age. Over time, the homogenous and stable population in the area has reorganized their houses according to their needs and established a spatial, social, and emotional connection to their neighborhood. The strengths of the area include its neighborhood identity, close social relations, accessibility, and sufficiency of urban services and green areas. Areas of dissatisfaction included insufficient indoor installations, cultural/sports facilities, and security and parking lot problems. Most residents did not support urban transformation plans; however, those who do support the idea have high expectations of the process. With the condition of maintaining their current spatial rights, many perceived urban transformation as a solution to the problems of the area and indicated that their economic status has improved and that life has become more luxurious and comfortable.
Ankara'nın Kaybolan Doğal ve Kültürel Değerleri
(2019) Tunçer, Mehmet; 127698
Bu makalede; Ankara'nın tarih içinde kaybettiği doğal, tarihsel ve kültürel mirası özetlemeye çalışılacak, bu kayıpların önemli bir "Kültürel Bellek Yitimi (kaybı)" olduğunu vurgulanacaktır. Amaç, doğal ve tarihsel "Bellek" yitiminin önüne geçebilmek amacıyla çevresel, kentsel, sosyal ve kültürel politikalar önermektir. Yazıda, Ankara'nın yüzyıllarca korunmuş doğal ve tarihsel/kültürel çevresinin; bağlar, akarsular, dereler, tarihi çevre ve Cumhuriyet Dönemi Mimarisi'nin neden ve nasıl yok edildiği, neden korunamadığı açıklanmaktadır. Ankara bilinen tarihinin 2000 yılı boyunca çeşitli medeniyetlere beşiklik ve başkentlik etmiştir. Ankara'da tarih boyunca çeşitli uygarlıkların yerleştiği alanlar karmaşık ve çok katmanlıdır. Şehir içindeki ve çevresindeki arkeolojik buluntular, höyükler zengin tarihi kültür katmanlarının üzerinde bulunduğumuzun göstergeleridir. Günümüze kadar ulaşabilmiş Augustus Tapınağı, Roma Hamamı, Ankara Kalesi ve son yıllarda ortaya çıkarılan Antik Dönem Tiyatrosu ve Kale Surlarında kullanılan devşirme yapı kalıntıları, başlıklar, heykeller, Ankara'nın Roma (ve daha sonra Bizans) kimliğinin göstergeleridir. İnsanlığın yaşadığı ve çok değişik olaylara sahne olan tarihi kentler, bir topluluğun toplumsal, siyasal, kültürel, ruhsal zenginliğinin en önemli göstergesidir. Ankara binlerce yıllık birikim sonucu oluşmuş bir kenttir. Tarihi Galatlara kadar gitmektedir. Ankara ile birlikte düşünülen en önemli sembolik öğe Kale ve Çankaya'dır. Biri tarihi geçmişi, öbürü ise Cumhuriyet Türkiye'sini sembolize eder. Birçok kente nasip olmamış zengin bir kültür birikimi bulunmaktadır. Cumhuriyetin yeni, çağdaş, modern bir "Başkent" oluşturma idealinin gerçekleştiği kenttir.
Dimensions of housing satisfaction: a case study based on perceptions of rural migrants living in Dikmen
(2013) Kahraman, Z. Ezgi; 50343
Housing satisfaction is a complex concept that attracts researchers from various disciplines such as economics, sociology and planning. The studies in the literature show that housing satisfaction refers to more than physical satisfaction from the dwelling (e.g. Fried and Gleicher, 1961; Duncan, 1971; Kasarda and Janowtz, 1974; Galster and Hesser, 1981; Lu, 1999; Burby and Rohe, 1990; Kamp et al., 2003; Parkes et al., 2002; Kelekci and Berköz, 2006; and Erdoğan et al., 2007). It includes satisfaction from environmental setting, quality and aesthetic aspects (e.g. Varaday, 1983; Enosh et al., 1984; Cook; 1988; Burby and Rohe, 1990; and Kamp et al., 2003), satisfaction from the economic value of housing (e.g. Varady and Carroza, 2000; and Boyle and Kiel, 2001), community satisfaction (e.g. Kasarda and Janowtz, 1974; Galster and Hesser, 1981; Parkes et al., 2002; and Erdoğan et al., 2007), and satisfaction from urban services in the housing environment (e.g. Onibokun, 1974; Campbell et al., 1976; Fried, 1982; Türkoğlu, 1997; and Kelekci and Berköz, 2006). Although these dimensions shape the overall housing satisfaction, its definition is a subjective and contextdependent phenomenon (Campbell et al., 1976; Bardo and Hughey, 1984; Wiesenfeld, 1992; Lu 1999). It depends on the current conditions, needs and characteristics of inhabitants. With the help of this understanding, this study intends to reveal the content of housing satisfaction for a specific group. This paper aims to explore dimensions of housing satisfaction from the perceptions of rural migrants. This exploratory research was designed as a case study in the Dikmen district which is one of the oldest rural migrant settlements in Ankara. Currently, in the district, rural migrants who convey both rural and urban characteristics live in both squatter housing neighborhoods and former squatter housing neighborhoods transformed through improvement plans and urban transformation projects (Kahraman, 2008). This study investigates the perceptions of rural migrants livingin physically different neighborhoods of the Dikmen district in order to demonstrate the diversities when defining housing satisfaction within the same district. By this way, in defining housing satisfaction, it uncovers the differences and similarities in perceptions of rural migrants living in squatter houses, and apartment buildings built in improvement plans and urban transformation projects. This paper contributes to the existing literature in two ways. Firstly, it enriches housing literature theoretically. It extends the meaning and dimensions of housing satisfaction by exposing housing satisfaction perceptions of rural migrants. Secondly, the study has the potential to contribute to the literature practically. Uncovering factors affecting the housing satisfaction of inhabitants takes a critical role in increasing the quality of housing layout and environment, and quality of life. Therefore, the results of this study may assist architects, city planners, and housing authorities in designing and constructing more qualified, sensitive and livable housing settings with reference to the needs and expectations of rural migrants. This paper includes four major parts. The first part reviews the literature on housing satisfaction presenting various indicators and dimensions of housing satisfaction. The second part summarizes the changing features and lifestyles of rural migrants in relation to the history of squatter housing transformation. The third part of this paper discusses the case study applied in a squatter housing neighborhood, and former squatter housing neighborhoods transformed through improvement plans and an urban transformation project located in the Dikmen district in Ankara; including the contextual setting of the study area, the data collection and data analysis processes, and the findings of the analytical procedures. The last part presents the summary and discusses the findings and contributions of the study in relation to the existing literature.
Ethnic Reflections of the Global Outbreak: A Multi-Dimensional Examination on Syrian Refugees and Settlements in the First Phase of the Coronavirus Outbreak
(2023) Kahraman, Z.E.; 50343
This study aims to examine the effects of the coronavirus pan-demic on Syrian refugees at the neighbourhood level within the framework of perceptions, personal protection experiences, economic and social structure, and practices of neighbourhood usage. The major data source of this qualitative study included in-depth interviews with Syrian refugees living in Ulubey-Onder Neighbourhoods (Ankara). The findings displayed the effects of the pandemic on Syrians and their settlements, and a compari-son before and after the outbreak. The study demonstrated that the effective information sources of Syrians are composed of so-cial and communicational networks, and social media platforms. Their religious beliefs and social and economic needs both shape their perception on not being contaminated, and explain their reaction towards and resistance to respect the measures of the outbreak. Their lack of knowledge on available health services, attitudes of ignoring the use of face masks and social distanc-ing rules, family structures, and living and working conditions in-crease the risk of the spread of the virus. Although the crowded streets proved that human movement and commercial vitality in Syrian settlements continue as it was before the pandemic, the family incomes and standards of living diminished due to laid offs and limited access to donations of NGOs. This led to empowerment of solidarity networks and social relations in the area. Additionally, this study found out both gender differences in socialization opportunities, and negative effects of curfews and suspension of congregational praying activities on social life dur-ing pandemic times.
Investigating Syrian Refugees’ Choice of Location in Urban Areas as a Subjective Process: A Cross-case Comparison in the Neighbourhoods of Önder (Ankara) and Yunusemre (İzmir)
(2021) Kahraman, Zerrin Ezgi; Kahraman, Zerrin Ezgi; 50343
In migration literature, the growing interest in the localized and subjective forms of refugee emplacement in urban areas following the influx of Syrian refugees has brought along new debates on how to approach the location choices (LC) of refugees. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the different dimensions of Syrian refugees’ location choices at the urban/neighbourhood level. Specifically, we aimed to understand the dynamics behind the growing tendency among Syrian refugees in Turkey to settle in neighbourhoods that are close to inner-city industrial sites by conducting two case studies in the Önder neighbourhood of Ankara and the Yunusemre neighbourhood of İzmir in a comparative manner. From the twenty-three interviews conducted with Syrians, we uncovered the themes of LC and categorized them in accordance with the dimensions of LC addressed in the literature. We identified three main dimensions that affected Syrians’ location choices at the neighbourhood level as: economic (the availability of job opportunities, public and commercial services, the affordability of accommodation), socio-cultural (the existence of co-ethnics, kinship/ethnic relations) and socio-spatial (proximity to the city centre, transportation, public and commercial services, workplaces). Here, we acknowledged the intertwined relation between these dimensions and refugee subjectivity in LC.
Reflection of Political Restructuring on Urban Symbols: The Case of Presidential Palace in Ankara, Turkey
(Taylor&Francis LTD, 2016) Orhan, Ezgi; 34038
Ankara, capital of Turkey has been the revolution space of the country after the proclamation of republic in 1923. The city has carried out the urban symbols of the republican ideology and modernity vision created by the nationalist administrators and elites. The newly established state used architecture and urban planning in transmitting the ideals of national unity and sovereignty by breaking off its ties from Ottoman heritage. After the span of eighty years, Turkey has experienced a new political hegemony. Post-2000s' political approach changed the urban symbols of early Republican period and redesigned the capital in line with its ideological basis. One of the most concrete transformations is observed in the presidential palace of the country which conveys the political intents of each period through its spatial and architectural organizations. This study, therefore, aims to put forward the change in urban symbols and their meanings by focusing on the presidential palace. The palaces are investigated in observational domains; their spatial configurations, buildings, and symbols in relation to the political intents on urban areas and public realm. This paper concludes that in both periods presidential palaces with respect to their spatial and architectural designs are regarded as the icons in representing the dominant political power; the former used it as an instrument of national sovereignty whereas the latter used it as a mark of dominancy over the nation.
Spatial Organization of Public Buildings: An Evaluation on the Capital City of Turkey
(2020) Orhan, Ezgi; 34038
Ankara, a small town of Anatolia before becoming the capital of Turkey, experienced a fundamental spatial restructuring process following the proclamation of the Republic. The vision of modernity and protective economic structure of the Early Republican era determined the spatial configuration of the city and produced public buildings as the icons of the young regime. The last ninety years witnessed different political-economic climates redesigning the urban regime of Ankara and symbols. One of the most tangible transformations is observed in the public buildings, which convey the economic understandings and urban politics of each period through their spatial and architectural organizations, and symbolic meanings. This study explores the change in the urban symbols with an emphasis on public buildings. For this, the ministry buildings of the capital city were selected to investigate spatial organizations, archistar buildings, and the messages conveyed to the public. Focusing on the the intentionally developed clusters of ministries, this study adressed basically three periods concerning the change in political and economic systems; the foundation period, the liberal years and the neoliberal era. As a result of this study it is stated that that in the Turkish case public buildings reflect the main motives of the period they were produced, their spatial organization serves as a medium containing information about the political, economic and social structure of each period.
Urban hotel location determinants: Evidence from Ankara's hotel geography
(2023) Orhan, Ezgi; 34038
This paper argues that urban hotels have different characteristics and make location decisions based on this differentiation, which in turn affect to the urban spatial structure. To this end, the study examines the determinants of location choices of hotels and their spatial distribution in Ankara. A sample of 75 hotels operating in Ankara was selected through criterion sampling method and applied a questionnaire to identify their location determinants. Findings suggest that hotels with differentiated characteristics show variations in making their location choice, which leads to a shift in gravity of the city and promotes spatial segregation among the central districts of the city. The overall assessment provides evidence on the increasing importance of the new development districts in hotel locations and the decreasing role of old town in the market competition which necessitates the development of local policies targeting the improvement of central district with the lens of hotel geography. Verification of the hypothesis by the case study will fill the gap in literature that has not yet been addressed in Turkey's cities context in the framework of the planning discipline.
Yenişehir’in kayıp mekânı: Millet Meydanı
(2023) Gölgelioğlu, Can; Yeşilbağ, Damla; Yeşilbağ, Damla; 247094; 54723; 284422
Bu araştırma, Carl Christoph Lörcher'in Ankara'nın ilk planında (1924-25) önerdiği ‘meydanlar silsilesinin’ önemli bir parçası olan Millet (Ulus) Meydanı'na odaklanmaktadır. Araştırma resmî belgeler ve arşivler, gazete kupürleri, kişisel hatıratlar, biyografiler ve romanlar üzerinden betimsel analizlere dayanmaktadır. Bugünkü Atatürk Bulvarı, İzmir ve Tuna Caddelerinin kesiştiği noktada yer alan Millet Meydanı, Jansen Planı’nda (1932) iptal edilmesine rağmen, ada düzenin devamlılığı ve çevresinde sembolik mekânların toplanması ile Yenişehir'in en önemli kamusal odaklarından biri haline gelmiştir. Çalışma, meydanın Lörcher’in öngördüğü noktada adeta gizil bir ‘düğüm’ gibi varlığını sürdürdüğünü göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde Ankara’da yaşanan mekânsal karar verme süreçlerinin zorlu ve çok katmanlı yönlerini göstermekte, kamusal mekân ve yer olgularının girift birlikteliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Daha da önemlisi, Yenişehir’in belki de en önemli kayıp değerlerinden biri olan Millet Meydanı'nın hikayesini gün yüzüne çıkarmıştır.

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