The Institutionalization of Organizational Fields: the Influence of the Protestant Work Ethic on the American Film Industry
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2024
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Bu çalışmada, ABD'de 19.Yy'ın sonunda hareketli görüntünün kaydedilmesi ile başlayan sinema tarihi içerisinde 1960'lı yıllara kadar sinemanın bir kurum olarak kurumsallaşması süreci ele alınmış bunun yanında da Protestan Çalışma Ahlakının (PÇA) kurumsallaşma sürecindeki etkisi irdelenmiştir. Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında, ABD'nin iş gücü ihtiyacını karşılamak üzere farklı etnik kökenlerden, farklı dini inanışlardan çok sayıda göçmeni kabul etmesi ve Amerikancılığın da etkisiyle Protestanlığın bir kolu olan Püritenizm güç kazanmıştır. Protestanlığın iktisadi hayattaki çıktısı olan PÇA, sıkı çalışmaya, kazanmaya, biriktirmeye, elde edilen karın yeni işlerde kullanılmasına, zamanın verimli harcanmasına ve düzenli bir yaşama büyük bir önem atfetmiştir. Buna paralel olarak kapitalizm de düzenli ve sistemli kar elde etme çabası nedeniyle PÇA'nın düsturlarıyla uyumlanmıştır. Söz konusu çalışmada, dönemin en önemli yönetmenleri, sinema filmlerinde kullanılan temalar ve bu temaların PÇA ile ilişkisi irdelenerek, PÇA'nın Amerikan Sinema Sektörünün oluşumdaki etkileri incelenmektedir.
In this study, the institutionalization process of cinema as an institution in the United States from the late 19th century, starting with the recording of moving images, up until the 1960s, is examined. Additionally, the influence of the Protestant Work Ethic (PWE), shaped by Protestantism, on this institutionalization process is explored. After World War I, the U.S. accepted many immigrants from various ethnic backgrounds and religious beliefs to meet its labor needs, leading to the rise of Puritanism, a branch of Protestantism, influenced by Americanism. The Protestant Work Ethic, a result of Protestantism in the economic sphere, emphasized hard work, earning, saving, reinvesting profits, efficient use of time, and a disciplined lifestyle. Capitalism, with its focus on systematic profit generation, is aligned with the principles of PWE. In this study, by examining the most prominent directors of the period, the themes used in films, and the relationship of these themes with the Protestant Work Ethic (PWE), the influence of PWE on the formation of the American cinema industry is analyzed.
In this study, the institutionalization process of cinema as an institution in the United States from the late 19th century, starting with the recording of moving images, up until the 1960s, is examined. Additionally, the influence of the Protestant Work Ethic (PWE), shaped by Protestantism, on this institutionalization process is explored. After World War I, the U.S. accepted many immigrants from various ethnic backgrounds and religious beliefs to meet its labor needs, leading to the rise of Puritanism, a branch of Protestantism, influenced by Americanism. The Protestant Work Ethic, a result of Protestantism in the economic sphere, emphasized hard work, earning, saving, reinvesting profits, efficient use of time, and a disciplined lifestyle. Capitalism, with its focus on systematic profit generation, is aligned with the principles of PWE. In this study, by examining the most prominent directors of the period, the themes used in films, and the relationship of these themes with the Protestant Work Ethic (PWE), the influence of PWE on the formation of the American cinema industry is analyzed.
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İşletme, Business Administration
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59