Benchohra, M.Karapınar, E.Lazreg, J.E.Salim, A.2025-05-132025-05-1320231938-1743https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34877-8_1https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/9743Fractional calculus is an area of mathematical analysis that extends the concepts of integer differential calculus to involve real or complex order derivatives and integrals. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessBook PartPart F83511310.1007/978-3-031-34877-8_12-s2.0-85166082016N/AQ4