Mekatronik Mühendisliği Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/255

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Citation Count: Özerkan, Hacı Bekir; Çoğun, Can. (2022). "Design and implementation of an electrode feed rate control system in the electrochemical drilling process", Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Vol.44, No.9.
Design and implementation of an electrode feed rate control system in the electrochemical drilling process
(2022) Özerkan, Hacı Bekir; Çoğun, Can; 3837
The interelectrode gap distance control is essential for preventing short circuit and spark discharge occurrences in the machining gap and ensuring a constant distance between the tool electrode (shortly electrode) and the workpiece throughout the electrochemical drilling (ECD) process. In this study, a gap distance control system was designed and implemented in the constructed ECD machine tool. The gap distance control strategy was based on the machining current’s discrete measurement (in microsecond intervals) and changing the gap distance according to a set current value by feeding the electrode towards the workpiece or retracting it during the ECD process. The small diameter deep hole ECD experiments were conducted using 0.5 mm diameter side insulated tubular rotational electrodes with through-hole electrolyte flushing to drill Hadfield and AISI 1040 steels. The experimental results demonstrated the success of the developed control system in ECD operations yielding uniform hole geometries and smooth hole surfaces. The use of the control system eliminated the undesirable formations of spark discharges and short circuit pulses.
Citation Count: Gülcan, Orhan;...et.al. (2016). "EDM Performance of B4C Cu Based Sintered Tool Electrodes", Journal of Material Science and Technology, Vol.24, No.1, pp.3-10.
EDM Performance of B4C Cu Based Sintered Tool Electrodes
(2016) Gülcan, Orhan; Uslan, İbrahim; Usta, Yusuf; Çoğun, Can; 3837
Citation Count: Rona, Nergiz...et.al. (2017). "Effect of electrical discharge machining on dental Y-TZP ceramic-resin bonding", Journal Of Prosthodontic Research, Vol.61, No.2, pp.158-167.
Effect of electrical discharge machining on dental Y-TZP ceramic-resin bonding
(Elsevier Ireland LTD, 2017) Rona, Nergiz; Yenisey, Murat; Küçüktürk, Gökhan; Gürün, Hakan; Çoğun, Can; Esen, Ziya; 3837; 52373
Purpose: The study determined (i) the effects of electrical discharge machining (EDM) on the shear-bond strength (SBS) of the bond between luting resin and zirconia ceramic and (ii) zirconia ceramic's flexural strength with the three-point bending (TPB) test. Methods: Sixty 4.8 mm x 4.8 mm x 3.2 mm zirconia specimens were fabricated and divided into four groups (n = 15): SBG: sandblasted + silane, TSCG: tribochemical silica coated + silane, LTG: Er:YAG laser treated + silane, EDMG: EDM + silane. The specimens were then bonded to a composite block with a dual-cure resin cement and thermal cycled (6000 times) prior to SBS testing. The SBS tests were performed in a universal testing machine. The SBS values were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. To determine flexural strength, sixty zirconia specimens were prepared and assigned to the same groups (n = 15) mentioned earlier. After surface treatment TPB tests were performed in a universal testing machine (ISO 6872). The flexural strength values were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (a = 0.05). Results: The bond strengths for the four test groups (mean SD; MPa) were as follows: SBG (Control), 12.73 +/- 3.41, TSCG, 14.99 +/- 3.14, LTG, 7.93 +/- 2.07, EDMG, 17.05 +/- 2.71. The bond strength of the EDMG was significantly higher than those of the SBG and LTG (p < 0.01). The average flexural strength values for the groups SBG (Control), TSCG, LTG and EDMG were 809.47, 800.47, 679.19 and 695.71 MPa, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The EDM process improved the SBS. In addition, there was no significant adverse effect of EDM on the flexural strength of zirconia.
Citation Count: Erdem, Oğuz; Çoğun, Can; Uslan, İ. (2019). "Effect of Machining on Workpiece Surface Characteristics in Electric Discharge Drilling (EDD)", International journal of advances in engineering and pure sciences (Online), Vol.31, No.1, pp.11-16.
Effect of Machining on Workpiece Surface Characteristics in Electric Discharge Drilling (EDD)
(2019) Erdem, Oğuz; Çoğun, Can; Uslan, İbrahim; 3837
In electric discharge drilling (EDD), rapid local heating and cooling of the workpiece surface by means of electric discharges results insurface layers (recast, heat affected and base material). In this study, the main workpiece surface texture measures, namely the recast layerthickness (RLT) and average surface roughness (Ra) characteristics were investigated for varying machining parameters (discharge currentand pulse on time). The conducted experiments revealed the strong dependence of surface characteristics on machining parameters.
Citation Count: Cogun, Can; Esen, Ziya; Genc, Asim; et al. "Effect of powder metallurgy Cu-B4C electrodes on workpiece surface characteristics and machining performance of electric discharge machining", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B-Journal of Engineering Manufacture, Vol. 230, No. 12, pp. 2190-2203, (2016).
Effect of powder metallurgy Cu-B4C electrodes on workpiece surface characteristics and machining performance of electric discharge machining
(Sage Publications LTD, 2016) Çoğun, Can; Esen, Ziya; Çoğun, Ferah; 3837; 52373
The main aim of this study is to produce new powder metallurgy (PM) Cu-B4C composite electrode (PM/(Cu-B4C)) capable of alloying the recast workpiece surface layer during electric discharge machining process with boron and other hard intermetallic phases, which eventually yield high hardness and abrasive wear resistance. The surface characteristics of the workpiece machined with a PM/(Cu-B4C) electrode consisted of 20 wt% B4C powders were compared with those of solid electrolytic copper (E/Cu) and powder metallurgy pure copper (PM/Cu) electrodes. The workpiece surface hardness, surface abrasive wear resistance, depth of the alloyed surface layer and composition of alloyed layers were used as key parameters in the comparison. The workpiece materials, which were machined with PM/(Cu-B4C) electrodes, exhibited significantly higher hardness and abrasive wear resistance than those of machined with the E/Cu and PM/Cu. The main reason was the presence of hard intermetallic phases, such as FeB, B4C (formed due to the boron in the electrode) and Fe3C in the surface layer. The improvement of the surface hardness achieved for steel workpiece when using PM/(Cu-B4C) electrodes was significantly higher than that reported in the literature. Moreover, the machining performance outputs (workpiece material removal rate, electrode wear rate and workpiece average surface roughness (Ra)) of the electrodes were also considered in this study.
Citation Count: Gülcan, O...et al. (2015). Effect of use of cu-cr p/m electrodes on machining performance of electric discharge machining. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 30(3), 381-394.
Effect of use of cu-cr p/m electrodes on machining performance of electric discharge machining
(Gazi University, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2015) Gülcan, Orhan; Uslan, İbrahim; Usta, Yusuf; Çoğun, Can; 3113; 118190; 3837
In this study, the effect of use of Cu-Cr powder metal (P/M) electrodes on EDM performance outputs, namely material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), mean and maximum roughness of machined surface (R-a and R-z) and workpiece surface recast layer thickness, was investigated experimentally. The Cu-Cr P/M electrodes produced at different mixing ratios, compacting pressures and sintering temperatures were used to machine SAE 1040 steel. The analyses performed have shown that the electrode material is deposited on to the work surface as a layer and the powder mixing ratio, the compaction pressure and sintering temperature affect the EDM performance outputs
Citation Count: Gülcan, Orhan...et al. "Electro discharge machining performance of chromium copper powder metal electrodes", 7th. International Powder Metallurgy ConferenceAt: Ankara, 2014.
Electro discharge machining performance of chromium copper powder metal electrodes
(2014) Gülcan, Orhan; Uslan, İbrahim; Usta, Yusuf; Çoğun, Can; 3837
In electro discharge machining used frequently in tool production, copper and graphite is commonly used as electrode material. The reason of this is high melting temperatures and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity of these materials. But, the low wear resistance of these materials makes it necessary to investigate different materials that have more wear resistance. Up to now, apart from copper, materials like brass, chromium, tungsten, steel, titanium have been used in electrode production. Apart from different materials, different production techniques have been investigated to increase production time. Powder metallurgy is one of these techniques. Electrode production with powder metallurgy becomes more advantageous than other production techniques due to the possibility of different powder combinations and controlling of thermal, electrical, mechanical and micro structure properties of produced electrodes with pressing pressure and sintering temperature. In the present study, chromium-copper composite electrodes produced with powder metallurgy will be used for electro discharge machining of SAE 1040 steel and material removal rate, electrode wear rate and surface roughness values will be compared with values from machining with electrolytic copper.
Citation Count: Özerkan, Hacı Bekir; Çoğun, Can (2020). "ELECTROCHEMICAL SMALL DIAMETER DEEP HOLE DRILLING OF POWDER METAL STEEL", Transactions of Famena, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 47-58.
ELECTROCHEMICAL SMALL DIAMETER DEEP HOLE DRILLING OF POWDER METAL STEEL
(2020) Özerkan, Hacı Bekir; Çoğun, Can; 3837
In this study, a new hybrid electrochemical drilling (ECD) method is proposed. The method makes use of a tubular tool capable of rotating and an electrolyte flushing through the inner hole at the same time. The designed and manufactured small size ECD machine's most important features are the regulation of the tool feed rate via current feedback control and the use of a rotating tubular tool with internal electrolyte flushing. The powder metal (PM) FLN2 4405 steel was drilled by using a brass tubular tool with various combinations of machining parameters such as machining voltage, electrolyte concentration and flushing pressure, and tool rotation speed. The machining performance outputs, namely, material removal rate (MRR), average radial overcut (RADOC), conicity (CO) and hole geometries were calculated and compared in different machining conditions. The results have shown that the aforementioned variables had a direct impact on the machining performance outputs in ECD. In all experiments, MRR increased with an in increase in machining voltage, tool rotational speed, electrolyte concentration and flushing pressure. RADOC values decreased with the rotational speed of the tool. The present study shows that deep holes with precise geometries and dimensions can be drilled successfully by employing the proposed hybrid ECD method. The method is economical and environmentally friendly since it requires low machining current values (0.1 to 0.7A) and a small amount of non-hazardous halide salt solutions instead of acidic solutions throughout the drilling process.
Citation Count: Gülcan, Orhan;...et.al. (2015). "Elektro Erozyon İle İşlemede Cu-Cr T/M Elektrot Kullanımının İşleme Performansına Etkisi", Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol.30, No.3, pp.381-394.
Elektro Erozyon İle İşlemede Cu-Cr T/M Elektrot Kullanımının İşleme Performansına Etkisi
(2015) Gülcan, Orhan; Uslan, İbrahim; Usta, Yusuf; Çoğun, Can; 3837
Bu çalışmada, Cu-Cr toz metal (T/M) elektrot kullanımının elektro erozyon ile işleme (EEİ) performans çıktılarından işparçası işleme hızı (İİH), elektrot aşınma hızı (EAH), işlenmiş yüzeyin ortalama ve azami yüzey pürüzlülükleri (Ra ve Rz) ve işparçası yüzey katman kalınlıklarına etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Farklı toz karıştırma oranları, sıkıştırma basınçları ve sinterleme sıcaklıklarında elde edilen Cu-Cr T/M elektrotlar SAE 1040 çeliğinin işlenmesinde kullanılmıştır. Analizler, elektrot malzemesinin işparçası yüzeyinde katman halinde alaşımlandığını ve karıştırma oranı, sıkıştırma basıncı ve sinterleme sıcaklığının EEİ performans çıktılarını etkilediğini göstermiştir.
Citation Count: Oğuz, Erdem...et al. "Elektro Erozyon İle İşlemede Döner Elektrot İle Delik Delmede Dielektrik Sıvısına Karıştırılan Tozların Ve Isıtmanın İşleme Performansına Etkisi," Makine İmalat Teknolojileri Kongresi , Vol.2, pp.212-221, 2013.
Elektro Erozyon İle İşlemede Döner Elektrot İle Delik Delmede Dielektrik Sıvısına Karıştırılan Tozların Ve Isıtmanın İşleme Performansına Etkisi
(2013) Oğuz, Erdem; Çoğun, Can; Uslan, İbrahim; Urtekin, Levent; Özerkan, Hacı Bekir; 3837
Citation Count: Ayhan, Emre; Yurdakul, Mustafa; Çoğun, Can. (2021). "Elektrokimyasal Jet İşleme (EJİ) Parametrelerinin İşlenen Kanal Geometrilerine Etkisi", Gazi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, Vol.7, No.3, pp.213-221.
Elektrokimyasal Jet İşleme (EJİ) Parametrelerinin İşlenen Kanal Geometrilerine Etkisi
(2021) Ayhan, Emre; Yurdakul, Mustafa; Çoğun, Can; 3837
Bu çalışmada alışılmamış imal usullerinden elektrokimyasal jet işleme yöntemi (EJİ) kullanılarak YHÇ malzeme üzerine kanallar oluşturularak, işleme parametrelerinin kanal kesit geometrisine etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, işleme parametreleri olarak takım ilerleme hızı, işleme gerilimi, elektrolit sıvı basıncı ve elektrolit tuz derişimi ele alınmıştır. Her deneye ait kanal kesit geometrileri için profil tamlık değerleri, ortalama kanal derinliği ve genel uyum değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan genel uyum değerlerinde en iyi sonuçların işleme geriliminin 20 V olduğu deneylerde elde edildiği görülmüştür. Takım ilerleme hızının 0,5 mm/dak olduğu deneylerde genel uyum değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.
Citation Count: Çoğun, Can; Şimşek, Ülke. "Elektrolitik ve alaşım bakır elektrotların elektro-erozyon ile işleme performansına etkisi", 16th Int Conf on Machine Design and Production, İzmir TURKEY, 2014.
Elektrolitik ve alaşım bakır elektrotların elektro-erozyon ile işleme performansına etkisi
(2014) Çoğun, Can; Şimşek, Ülke; 3837
Elektro erozyon ile işlemenin (EEİ) en önemli maliyet unsuru elektrotun üretilmesidir. EEİ’de en yaygın kullanılan elektrot malzemeleri bakır ve alaşımlarıdır. Maliyeti arttırmadan EEİ yapmanın yolu, hammadde maliyeti düşük, işlemesi kolay ve elektriksel aşınma direnci yüksek bakır alaşımlarını tespit etmektir. Bu çalışmada, EEİ’de elektrot olarak kullanılan elektrolitik bakır, CuCr1Zr ve CuCo2Be bakır alaşımları için işleme hızı, elektrot aşınma hızı, bağıl aşınma ve işparçası yüzey pürüzlülüğü gibi performans çıktıları deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, CuCr1Zr alaşımına uygulanan yaşlandırma işlemi sonrası artan elektriksel iletkenliğin EEİ performans çıktılarına etkileri incelenmiştir. Performans çıktılarının alaşım türünden ve uygulanan yaşlandırma işleminden etkilendiği görülmüştür.
Citation Count: Ürtekin, Levent...et al. (2021). "Experimental Investigation on Wire Electric Discharge Machining of Biodegradable AZ91 Mg Alloy", Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 30, No. 10, pp. 7752-7761.
Experimental Investigation on Wire Electric Discharge Machining of Biodegradable AZ91 Mg Alloy
(2021) Ürtekin, Levent; Özerkan, Hacı Bekir; Çoğun, Can; Genç, Asım; Esen, Ziya; Bozkurt, Fatih; 3837; 52373
The AZ91 magnesium alloy, used commonly as a biodegradable material in biomedical applications, is generally formed by conventional casting method (CCM) and high-pressure die casting method (HPDCM). The AZ91 alloys exhibit poor machinability with conventional chip removal methods since they degrade at elevated temperatures. In this study, the wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) was presented as a candidate process to machine the AZ91 alloy since no cutting stresses and plastic deformations were applied by the cutting tool to the part causing elevated temperatures. In this context, the WEDM machinability of the AZ91 alloy samples produced by cold chamber HPDCM and CCM at different process parameters, was experimentally investigated. The machining performance outputs (the machining current (I), the machining rate (MR), the average surface roughness (Ra), and surface topography) were found for the varying process parameters [pulse time (ts), pulse-off time (toff), dielectric flushing pressure (Pd), and wire speed (Vw)]. The present study revealed that the I and the MR were significantly dependent on the density, the porosity, and the micro structure of the samples, and the HPDCM samples gave the higher MR and the smoother surface than that of the CCM. © 2021, ASM International.
Citation Count: Özgedik, Ali; Çoğun, C. (2014). "Farklı İşleme Derinliklerinde Uygulanan Titreşimlerin Elektro-Erozyon ile İşleme Performansına Etkisi", Makine Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi (elektronik), Vol.11, No.3
Farklı İşleme Derinliklerinde Uygulanan Titreşimlerin Elektro-Erozyon ile İşleme Performansına Etkisi
(2014) Özgedik, Ali; Çoğun, Can; 3837
Bu çalışmada, Elektro-Erozyon ile İşleme (EEİ) tekniğinin performans çıktılarını iyileştirmek amacı ile işparçasına farklı frekansta titreşimlerin uygulandığı boşalım akımı ve işleme derinliği gibi farklı işleme koşullarında deneyler yapılmıştır. Deneylerde titreşimsiz koşullara göre elektrot aşınma hızı (EAH) ve bağıl aşınma (BA) değerlerinde belirgin azalma elde edilmiştir. Titreşimli deneylerde işparçası işleme hızı (İİH) ve ortalama yüzey pürüzlülüğü (Ra) değerlerinde EAH ve BA değerlerine göre daha küçük değişimler tespit edilmiştir.
Citation Count: Erdem, Oğuz; Çoğun, Can; Uslan, İbrahim. "Investigation of Electrical Discharge Drilling (EDD) Performance of Ti-6Al4V Super Alloy", 1. International Symposium on Light Alloys and Composite Materials (ISLAC’18), March 22-24, 2018.
Investigation of Electrical Discharge Drilling (EDD) Performance of Ti-6Al4V Super Alloy
(2018) Erdem, Oğuz; Çoğun, Can; Uslan, İbrahim; 3837
Ti-6Al-4V super alloy (Ti64) is widely used in many engineering applications such as automotive, aviation and aerospace owing to its low density and high strength properties. Because of its high toughness and high melting temperature, Ti64 is regarded as a difficult-to-machine material in conventional machining. Furthermore, it is also difficult to machine in Electrical Discharge Drilling (EDD) due to its high electrical resistance and low thermal conductivity. The EDD performance is quantified by material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), relative wear (RW), surface roughness (SR) and surface characteristic of drilled workpiece. The main goal of this study is to experimentally investigate the performance outputs (MRR, EWR, RW and SR) of Ti64 super alloy in EDD operation.
Citation Count: Gjergjizi, Belma...et al. (2018). "SERS-based ultrafast and sensitive detection of luteinizing hormone in human serum using a passive microchip", Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical, Vol. 269, pp. 314-321.
SERS-Based Ultrafast and Sensitive Detection of Luteinizing Hormone In Human Serum Using A Passive Microchip
(Elsevier Science SA, 2018) Gjergjizi, Belma; Çoğun, Ferah; Yıldırım, Ender; Eryılmaz, Merve; Selbes, Yeşim; Sağlam, Necdet; Tamer, Uğur; 3837
Human luteinizing hormone (LH) is an important analyte for doping control analysis since it increases the athletic performance. However, traditional methods to detect LH have few disadvantages, such as long analysis duration, waste disposal problem and sample matrix effect. Addressing these problems, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy based LH analysis using a passive microfluidic chip was developed and optimized. Antibody modified magnetic gold nanoparticles captured the LH and then, 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) labeled nanoparticles formed the sandwich immunoassay structure. The complex and the other reactions occurred in different chambers of the chip. The SERS signals of 4-ATP were recorded from the chamber and the system was shown to detect 0.036 IU L-1 in serum samples. The performance of the immunoassay was compared to all other methods and the proposed assay was the fastest analysis of LH without any problems associated with the sensitivity. The shorter analysis time was recorded because the chip enables the control of all reactions in one place and there was no requirement of a specialized laboratory. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: Urtekin, Levent...et al (2021)."The comparison of performance of electrolytic cu and cube tool electrodes in electric discharge machining of ti6al4v alloy/ Ti6al4v alaşımının elektro erozyon ile işlemesinde elektrolitik cu ve cube takım elektrotlarının performansının karşılaştırılması", El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 1455-1461.
The comparison of performance of electrolytic cu and cube tool electrodes in electric discharge machining of ti6al4v alloy
(2021) Urtekin, Levent; Bozkurt, Fatih; Özerkan, H. Bekir; Çoğun, Can; Uslan, İbrahim; 3837
The most crucial cost element of Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) is the production of tool electrode (shortly electrode). Copper, its alloys, and graphite are the most commonly used electrode materials. Selecting the proper electrode material with low production and material cost, high workpiece material removal rate (MRR) and low tool electrode wear rate (TWR) is key to reducing machining costs with EDM. In this study, the EDM performance of CuBe tool electrodes in the machining of Ti6Al4V alloy was experimentally investigated in comparison to electrolytic Cu (E-Cu) electrodes for different pulse time (ts) and discharge current (I) settings. An increase in MRR and a decrease in TWR and relative wear (RW=TWR/MRR) were observed in machining with CuBe electrodes. However, the high raw material cost of CuBe alloy is an essential drawback in widely using these electrodes in industrial applications. A new performance index formulation is introduced for EDM applications that factor in the production cost of the electrode and its life (i.e., RW). According to our results, the CuBe could be used advantageously as the electrode material at medium current settings. However, at low and high current settings, the low raw material cost of E-Cu makes it more favorable.
Citation Count: Erdem, Oguz...et al. (2016). "The effect of powder mixed and heated dielectric on drilling performance of electric discharge machining (EDM)", Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 531-544.
The effect of powder mixed and heated dielectric on drilling performance of electric discharge machining (EDM)
(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2016) Erdem, Oğuz; Çoğun, Can; Ürtekin, Levent; Özerkan, H. Bekir; Uslan, İbrahim; 3837
In this study, heated silicon oil with added carbon and starch powders was used as dielectric liquid, instead of common hydro-carbon based dielectrics, to obtain better hole surface quality with rotating brass tube electrode in electric discharge machining (EDM). The electro-rheometer tests were conducted to find out the suitable temperature and powder concentration values of the electro-rheological (ER) dielectric under the electric field. Higher workpiece material removal rates (MRR) was obtained in carbon powder added dielectrics than the starch powder added ones for rotating and non-rotating electrodes. The optical microscope observations of the machined hole surfaces indicated that the carbon powder added dielectrics reduced the diameter and depth of the discharge craters, thereby resulting in uniformly distributed and round top peaked surface topography. The starch powder addition to the carbon mixed dielectric further improved the surface quality for both rotating and non-rotating electrodes cases at 30 degrees C and 75 degrees C dielectric temperatures.
Citation Count: Erdem, Oğuz...et al (2020). "Thermo-fluid multi-physics modeling and experimental verification of volumetric workpiece material removal by a discharge pulse in electric discharge machining process", Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 53, No. 39.
Thermo-fluid multi-physics modeling and experimental verification of volumetric workpiece material removal by a discharge pulse in electric discharge machining process
(2020) Erdem, Oğuz; Çoğun, Can; Uslan, İbrahim; Erbaş, Murat; 3837
The volume of material removed from the workpiece by a pulse (Vv) in the electric discharge machining was quantitatively determined using a multi-physics simulation model in ANSYS CFX software. Electrical heating is used in the model to simulate the plasma channel formation by defining the boundary and time-controlled current density initial conditions. Time-dependent physical properties at plasma temperature were used to reflect the actual processing environment. The heat was transferred from the plasma channel to the workpiece by electrical heating from the electrode, and Vv was calculated by means of the amount of heat transfer. The calculated Vv values for AISI4140, Ti6Al4V and Inconel 718 workpieces were lower than the experimental results and the difference was observed to change between 38.3% and 46.9%.

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