Browsing by Author "Kucukali, Serhat"

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Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 17
An Analysis on the Relationship Between Safety Awareness and Safety Behaviors of Healthcare Professionals, Ankara/Turkey
(Oxford Univ Press, 2020) Uzuntarla, Fatma; Kucukali, Serhat; Uzuntarla, Yasin; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
Objectives: This descriptive study aims to examine the relationship between the safety awareness of healthcare professional and their safety behaviors. Methods: The study was carried out on 418 healthcare professionals working in a training and research hospital in Ankara/Turkey. The survey method was used as data collection tool. The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections and 18 questions. First section consisted of questions on sociodemographic characteristics and, second section consisted of the awareness scale and third section consisted of safety behaviors scale. Results: The safety awareness and safety behaviors are scored on a scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). The safety awareness and safety behaviors has an average score of 3.85 +/- 0.81 and 3.56 +/- 0.82, respectively. The safety awareness and safety behavior levels of healthcare professionals were found to be high. Conclusion: A significant positive correlation was found between safety awareness and safety behaviors and it was concluded that the increase in safety awareness led to an increase in safety behavior.
Citation - WoS: 81
Citation - Scopus: 106
Availibility of Renewable Energy Sources in Turkey: Current Situation, Potential, Government Policies and the Eu Perspective
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2012) Kucukali, Serhat; Baris, Kemal; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
This study aims to explore the availability and potential of renewable energy sources in Turkey as well as assessing related government policies, financial and environmental aspects of renewable energy projects. Turkey is a country which has the highest hydropower, wind and geothermal energy potential among European countries. As a European Union (EU) candidate several incentives were developed in Turkey for electricity generation from renewable energy sources by the enactment of Law No. 5346 in 2005 which was later restructured by Law No. 6094 in 2010. The most important ones are: ease of land acquisition and feed-in-tariffs which promise purchasing of electricity generated and domestic manufacturing of equipment by the private companies with a price of 5.30-9.69 and 0.3-2.55 (sic)c/kWh, respectively, depending on the type of the renewable and the equipment. However, feed-in tariff amounts take reservoir area into account instead of installed capacity for hydroelectric power plants. Moreover, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report is not mandatory for all renewable energy plants. According to the multi-criteria analysis tool developed in this study to evaluate the renewable energy source (RES) technologies the most appropriate renewable energy alternative for Turkey is biomass, simply because of the highest social benefit among others. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
Effect of Particle Size on Flip Bucket Scour
(Canadian Science Publishing, Nrc Research Press, 2016) Kucukali, Serhat; Kokpinar, Mehmet Ali; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
This study quantifies the dimensionless maximum scour depth d(s)/D-50 downstream of flip buckets as a function of the square of the densimetric Froude number Fr-d(2), jet Reynolds number Re, lip angle, and sediment non-uniformity constant. The proposed formula is valid for Fr-d = 2.9-29.69, Re = 8.9 x 10(3)-4.2 x 10(5), and We > 32. Moreover, the scour profiles for different sediment sizes (D-50 = 3-17 mm) are presented from the Kigi Dam physical model and the effect of the Reynolds number on scour process is discussed. The prediction capacity of the proposed formula is compared with the existing empirical formulas in the literature and it is shown that the proposed dimensionally homogenous formula made better estimations. The procedure described here has a sound physical basis and it can be used to estimate the maximum scour depth downstream of flip buckets.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 10
Environmental Impact Assessment of Coal Power Plants in Operation
(E D P Sciences, 2017) Kucukali, Serhat; Ar, Irfan; Bartan, Ayfer; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
Coal power plants constitute an important component of the energy mix in many countries. However, coal power plants can cause several environmental risks such as: climate change and biodiversity loss. In this study, a tool has been proposed to calculate the environmental impact of a coal-fired thermal power plant in operation by using multicriteria scoring and fuzzy logic method. We take into account the following environmental parameters in our tool: CO, SO2, NOx, particulate matter, fly ash, bottom ash, the cooling water intake impact on aquatic biota, and the thermal pollution. In the proposed tool, the boundaries of the fuzzy logic membership functions were established taking into account the threshold values of the environmental parameters which were defined in the environmental legislation. Scoring of these environmental parameters were done with the statistical analysis of the environmental monitoring data of the power plant and by using the documented evidences that were obtained during the site visits. The proposed method estimates each environmental impact factor level separately and then aggregates them by calculating the Environmental Impact Score (EIS). The proposed method uses environmental monitoring data and documented evidence instead of using simulation models. The proposed method has been applied to the 4 coal-fired power plants that have been operation in Turkey. The Environmental Impact Score was obtained for each power plant and their environmental performances were compared. It is expected that those environmental impact assessments will contribute to the decision-making process for environmental investments to those plants. The main advantage of the proposed method is its flexibility and ease of use.
Citation - WoS: 32
Citation - Scopus: 37
Environmental Risk Assessment of Small Hydropower (Shp) Plants: a Case Study for Tefen Shp Plant on Filyos River
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2014) Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
A multi-criteria scoring tool is used to assess the environmental risk level of small hydropower plants on the basis of documented evidence, measured data, and on-site observations. The assessment is based on evaluating compliance with the standards of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The following environmental criteria are assessed: environmental flow, water quality, fish passage and protection, watershed protection, threatened and endangered species. I evaluated the Tefen hydropower plant, which has been in operation on the Filyos River in northwestern Turkey since 2011. The assessment showed that the plant failed all of the EBRD criteria. (C) 2013 International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 6
An Experimental Investigation of Flow Resistance and Turbulent Flow in Brush Fish Pass
(Ice Publishing, 2019) Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
The present study aimed to search for chicken abdominal fat deposition-related polymorphisms within RB1 and to provide functional evidence for significantly associated genetic variants. Association analyses showed that 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 17 of RB1, were significantly associated with both abdominal fat weight (P < 0.05) and abdominal fat percentage (P < 0.05). Functional analysis revealed that the A allele of g.32828A>G repressed the transcriptional efficiency of RB1 in vitro, through binding nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B-K) and SRY-related HMG box protein 2 (SOX2). Furthermore, RB1 mRNA expression levels in the abdominal fat tissue of individuals with the A/A genotype of g.32828A>G were lower than those of individuals with the G/G genotype. Collectively, we propose that the intronic SNP g.32828A>G of RB1 is an obesity-associated variant that directly affects binding with NF-B-K and SOX2, leading to changes in RB1 expression which in turn may influence chicken abdominal fat deposition.
Citation - WoS: 76
Citation - Scopus: 88
Finding the Most Suitable Existing Hydropower Reservoirs for the Development of Pumped-Storage Schemes: an Integrated Approach
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2014) Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
This study aims to evaluate existing hydropower reservoirs for the development of pumped-storage schemes by using multi-criteria scoring technique. This method enables a screening of existing hydropower reservoirs, in order to assess and rank potential sites for pumped-storage development. This analysis is based on the documented evidence, measured data, and site surveys. The site assessments are categorized in 6 criteria namely geometrical conditions (maximum head, head to water way length ratio, distance to grid connection), geological conditions, environmental, and social conditions. In the context of the study, 7 existing hydropower reservoirs in Turkey, each with a catchment area of more than 50 km(2), are evaluated in order to be utilized as the lower reservoirs of pumped-storage facilities. The overall score of each candidate site is obtained and, their performance is compared. The results indicate that Turkey have suitable existing hydropower reservoirs for the development of pumped-storage facilities. However, the country lacks from legal and market framework for the establishment of pumped-storage power plants. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 10
Finding the Most Suitable Existing Irrigation Dams for Small Hydropower Development in Turkey: a Gis-Fuzzy Logic Tool
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Al Bayat, Omar; Maras, H. Hakan; Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.01. Bilgisayar Mühendisliği; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
This paper enables a screening of existing irrigation dams in order to assess and rank potential sites for small hydropower development by using a Geographic Information System (GIS)-fuzzy logic multi criteria scoring technique. The following criteria are evaluated: dam characteristics (reservoir normal level, reservoir capacity, dam purpose, dam ageing), and grid connection spatial characteristics. The proposed method estimates the suitability degree of each criterion separately and then aggregates them into a Site Suitability Index (SSI). Existing irrigation dams in Turkey are assessed in order to be utilized for hydropower development. The overall score of each candidate site is obtained and, their performance is compared for different strategies. One of the most suitable dams, Karadere, was chosen as a case study. By using the daily continuous monitored data, we showed that flow and head is highly variable during the irrigation season. Accordingly, we evaluated an innovative compact medium-head hydro turbine that can capture those fluctuations with its operational flexibility and minimal civil works. Moreover, an optimal path methodology was applied to find the best grid connection route from the dam to its nearest substation considering the site land use characteristics in order to minimize land expropriation. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 20
Citation - Scopus: 26
Flow and Turbulence Structure in a Baffle-Brush Fish Pass
(Ice Publishing, 2018) Hassinger, Reinhard; Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
The flow an d turbulence characteristics of a new baffle-brush type fish pass were investigated experimentally in a 2 m wide rectangular flume with a bed slope of 4% and Reynolds and Froude numbers in the range 5 x 10(4)-2.8 x 10(5) and 0.17-0.23, respectively. The baffle-brush fishway combines the properties of a baffle (Larinier) fish pass with the features of the brush-furnished fishway. The baffle-brush fish pass ensures continuous low-and high-velocity migration corridors for both strong (e.g. salmon) and weak swimming (e.g. river lamprey) fish, with negligible flow accelerations (i.e. quasi-uniform conditions). The turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) takes its maximum value near the centre of the baffle zone and decays towards the brush zone. The effects of the Reynolds number (Re) on the resultant velocity and TKE distributions were also investigated. For Re = 2 x 10(5), the TKE was in the range 0.05-0.21 m(2)/s(2) with an average value of 0.11 m(2)/s(2) in the baffle section, whereas it ranged between 0.007 and 0.04 m(2)/s(2) with an average value of 0.02 m(2)/s(2) in the brush section. In the proposed fish pass there is no need to build resting pools.
Citation - WoS: 11
Citation - Scopus: 14
Flow Structure and Fish Passage Performance of a Brush-Type Fish Way: a Field Study in the Yidere River, Turkey
(Csiro Publishing, 2019) Kucukali, Serhat; Verep, Bulent; Alp, Ahmet; Turan, Davut; Mutlu, Tanju; Kaya, Cuneyt; Ozelci, Dursun; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
The fish passage performance and flow structure of a brush fish pass were investigated at the ncirli Small Hydropower Plant on the yidere River, located in the East Black Sea region of Turkey. The spatial distributions of velocity vectors, power velocity, Froude number and turbulent kinetic energy are presented. The flow is quasi-uniform and subcritical, which provides different migration corridors with favourable hydraulic conditions; importantly for the fish, these corridors continue through the complete fish pass. The flow-bristle interaction creates a reduced velocity and low-turbulence resting zones. In addition, the passage efficiency of the brush fish pass was assessed using passive integrated transponder telemetry. The results clearly showed that upstream passage efficiency differs between fish species: Salmo coruhensis performed better than Alburnoides fasciatus on the same fish passage. The passage efficiency for the target fish species S. coruhensis was calculated to be 82.4%. The data revealed that the brush fish passage provides passage for small-bodied fish (total body length <15 cm) in a high-gradient channel with a slope of 10%. The monitoring data revealed that bristles as flexible hydraulic elements are beneficial for migrating fish.
Citation - WoS: 35
Citation - Scopus: 44
A Fuzzy Logic Tool To Evaluate Low-Head Hydropower Technologies at the Outlet of Wastewater Treatment Plants
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Kentel, Elcin; Kucukali, Serhat; Ak, Mumtaz; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
This study aims to find the most sustainable mature Low-Head (LH) hydropower technology option to generate hydroelectricity at the outlet of wastewater treatment plants by assessing the relevant economic, technical, and environmental criteria. A total of six criteria are assessed: investment cost, payback period, energy generation performance, construction duration, fish-friendliness, and aeration capacity. The fuzzy logic tool estimates satisfaction of each criterion separately and then aggregates them into an Overall Performance Index. The proposed method is applied to an existing wastewater treatment plant (Tatlar WWTP) in Ankara, Turkey. For the assessment, the real-time operational data of the plant and the technical drawings are employed. According to the multi-criteria analysis tool developed in this study to evaluate the LW technologies' the most appropriate hydropower technology for the outlet of Tatlar WWTP is found to be the Archimedean screw, because of its superior environmental and economic performance.
Citation - WoS: 14
Citation - Scopus: 16
Hydraulic Model Test Results of Baffle-Brush Fish Pass
(Ice Publishing, 2015) Hassinger, Reinhard; Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
The flow characteristics (depth, velocity, energy dissipation) of a new baffle-brush fish pass were investigated experimentally in a 2 m wide rectangular flume which has a bed slope of 4% for discharges of 100-550 l/s. In all the experiments, quasi-uniform and sub-critical flow conditions and Froude numbers between 0.17 and 0.23 were observed. The Darcy-Weisbach friction factor was negatively correlated with the relative submergence of the brush elements. Two different characteristic velocity regions were identified, namely the baffle region and the brush region. The turbulence intensities were in the range 38-79% in the baffle zone and 13-31% in the brush zone. The hydraulic test results showed that this type of fish pass can produce adequate flow depth and favourable local flow velocities for the design discharge of 0.2 m(2)/s (relative submergence of brushes = 1.03), which is suitable for different fish species.
Citation - WoS: 3
Citation - Scopus: 3
Image Analysis Based Fish Tail Beat Frequency Estimation for Fishway Efficiency
(Ieee Computer Soc, 2018) Kucukali, Serhat; Verep, Bulent; Turan, Davut; Alp, Ahmet; Yildirim, Yasin; Toreyin, B. Ugur; 20413; 06.03. Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
In this paper, we propose image analysis based methods for estimating fish tail beat frequency, which is an indicator of fish energy consumption at fish passage structures. For this purpose, average magnitude difference and autocorrelation function based periodicity detection techniques are utilized. Actual fish images are acquired using a visible range camera installed in a brush type fish pass in Ikizdere River, near Rize, Turkey, which is very rich in biodiversity. Results show that image analysis based periodicity detection methods can be used for fishway efficiency evaluation purposes. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study that automatically estimates fish tail beat frequency using image analysis. The findings of this study are expected to have implications for fish monitoring and fishway design.
Citation - WoS: 44
Citation - Scopus: 51
Risk Assessment of River-Type Hydropower Plants Using Fuzzy Logic Approach
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2011) Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
In this paper, a fuzzy rating tool was developed for river-type hydropower plant projects, and risk assessment and expert judgments were utilized instead of probabilistic reasoning. The methodology is a multi-criteria decision analysis, which provides a flexible and easily understood way to analyze project risks. The external risks, which are partly under the control of companies, were considered in the model. A total of eleven classes of risk factors were determined based on the expert interviews, field studies and literature review as follows: site geology, land use, environmental issues, grid connection, social acceptance, macroeconomic, natural hazards, change of laws and regulations, terrorism, access to infrastructure and revenue. The relative importance of risk factors was determined from the survey results. The survey was conducted with the experts that have experience in the construction of river-type hydropower schemes. The survey results revealed that the site geology and environmental issues were considered as the most important risks. The new risk assessment method enabled a Risk Index (R) value to be calculated, establishing a 4-grade evaluation system. The proposed risk analysis will give investors a more rational basis to make decisions and it can prevent cost and schedule overruns. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 30
Citation - Scopus: 32
Risk Scorecard Concept in Wind Energy Projects: an Integrated Approach
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Kucukali, Serhat; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
The proposed risk assessment tool quantifies economic, environmental, political, and societal risks in wind energy projects. The risks are quantified based on the measured data and document evidence. An important component of the proposed methodology includes converting different external risks into a common scale and these scales express the level of risk factors. A survey was conducted with the experts in order to determine the relative importance of external risks. Applicability of the proposed tool is tested on real time wind power plants that are located in Izmir Province on the Aegean coast of Turkey. Change in laws and regulations, environmental issues, local community, grid connection, land use and permits, and erroneous wind resource assessment appeared to be key risk factors. The findings of case studies showed that the perception of inadequate understanding of the potential risks can lead to significant revenue loss. The proposed method estimates each risk factor level separately and then aggregates them by calculating the Project Risk Score (PRS) which is linked to the normalized revenue loss. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Sazlık Tipi Balık Geçidinde Balık Davranışı ve Hidrodinamik Karakteristiklerinin İncelenmesi: İyidere (Trabzon-rize) Saha Çalışması
(2018) Verep, Bülent; Turan, Davut; Kucukali, Serhat; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
Önerilen proje kapsamında İyidere Akarsu havzasında işletmede olan İncirli HES’teki mevcut balık geçidi sazlık tipi balık geçidine çevrilecek ve balık geçidinin hidrodinamik ve balık davranışı (balıkların yapıya girişi, balıkların izledikleri göç koridorları ve dinlenme bölgeleri) arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İyidere Akarsu havzası biyolojik çeşitlilik açısından oldukça zengindir ve akarsuda 13 balık türü tespit edilmiştir. Önerilen proje kapsamında ilk defa prototip ölçeğinde yenilikçi bir balık geçiş yapısı olan sazlık tipi balık geçidinde, balıkların izledikleri göç yolları ile türbülans yapısı eşzamanlı olarak izlenecek ve incelenecektir. Balıkların izledikleri göç yolları ve dinlenme alanları radio telemetri yöntemiyle belirlenecektir. Bir yıl boyunca balık geçişinin girişindeki dinamik hidrolik yük koşulları altında, farklı akım bölgelerindeki düşey hız profilleri Nivus ölçüm cihazının kullanılmasıyla; türbülans yapısı ise üç boyutlu anlık noktasal hızların mikro akustik hız ölçerle ölçülmesiyle elde edilecektir. Yapılan bu ölçümlerden balık geçişi boyunca ki Froude sayısı, Reynolds kayma gerilmesi, türbülans şiddeti, ve türbülans kinetik enerjinin dağılımının elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Buradan, balık davranışı karakteristikleri bu hidrolik parametrelerle ilişkilendirmeye çalışılacaktır. Ayrıca, önerilen proje kapsamında ilk defa Froude sayısı farklı balık türlerinin balık geçidi boyunca izledikleri göç yollarını ve dinlenme alanlarını incelemede referans bir değer olarak kullanılacaktır. Böylece, yapılacak analiz fiziksel bir temele dayandırılacak ve balık geçişi yapılarının tasarımındaki en önemli iki parametre olan akım hızı ve akım derinliğini içerecektir. Buradan elde edilecek sonuçlar genelleştirebilecek ve diğer klasik tarzdaki balık geçitlerine uyarlanabilecektir. Elde edilen sonuçlar hidrolik ve biyolojik parametrelerin fonksiyonu olarak incelenecek ve balıkların akıma ait bilgileri nasıl kullandıkları ve işlediklerini anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Projeden elde edilen sonuçlardan ve bilgilerden balık geçidi tasarlayan mühendislik büroları, yetkili kamu kurumları ve balık biyologları faydalanabilir. Ayrıca, çalışmanın hidroelektrik enerjiden sürdürülebilir bir şekilde faydalanılmasına katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Sazlık Tipi Balık Geçişinin Hidrolik Karakteristiklerinin Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi ve Boyutlandırma Konseptinin Geliştirilmesi
(2016) Kucukali, Serhat; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
Balık geçitleri, su canlılarının göç yolları üzerindeki baraj ve bent gibi engelleri aşarak akarsudaki memba ve mansap göçlerini kolaylaştıran yapılardır. Bir balık geçiş yapısının fonksiyonu, eğimli bir kanalda balıkların memba yönünde göç edebilmesi için elverişli hidrolik koşulların (yeterli akım derinliği, yeterince büyük ve iyi aralıklı dinlenme alanları, düşük akım hızları ve düşük türbülanslı akış) sağlanmasıdır. Proje kapsamında, diğer klasik tarzdaki balık geçişlerinden (havuzlu-savaklı, düşey yarıklı, doğal tip) farklı bir hidrolik çalışma prensibine sahip sazlık tipi (brushed-type) balık geçişinin hidrolik karakteristikleri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Proje kapsamında sazlık tipi balık geçişi yapışının 1:2 ölçeğinde fiziki modeli yapılmış ve model üzerinde sistematik deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler dikdörtgen en kesitli 0.4 m genişliğinde suyun devridaim olduğu bir açık kanalda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler 4 farklı sazlık yoğunluğu ve 3 farklı taban eğiminde (%2, %4, %6) gruplandırılmıştır. Her bir gruplamada 6 farklı batıklık oranında ölçümler yapılmıştır. Akım içindeki sazlık yoğunluğu sazlık blokları arasındaki boyuna yönündeki mesafenin değiştirilmesiyle ayarlanmış; farklı batıklık oranları ise debinin değişimiyle sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca, balık geçişi boyunca ki boş bölgelerde yersel akım hızları mikro muline aletiyle ölçülmüş ve hız dağılımları elde edilmiştir. Deneylerde Froude sayısı, Fr, 0.18 ile 0.40 arasında; Reynolds sayısı, Re, ise 5.46x104 ile 1.28x105 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Modelden elde edilecek sonuçlar Froude benzeşimine göre prototipe aktarılacaktır. Projeden elde edilecek deneysel verilerin sazlık tipi balık geçişinin hidrolik koşularının anlaşılmasına katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir. Çünkü, literatürde daha önce bu konuda yapılmış sistematik bir deneysel çalışma yoktur. Gerçekleştirilecek olan deneysel ölçümlerin ve analizlerin neticesinde yeni bir yaklaşım olarak sazlık tipi balık geçişi için boyutsuz sayıların kullanıldığı boyutlandırma konsepti ve hidrolik tasarımın gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önceki yapılan çalışmalardan farklı olarak, makro-pürüzlülük koşulları iki parametreyle ifade edilecektir. Bunlardan birincisi sazlık elemanların akım içinde batıklık oranı, ikincisi ise sazlık elemanların plandaki izdüşümünde akım alanı içindeki yoğunluğudur. Üniform akım koşulları için Darcy-Weisbach sürtünme faktörü sazlıkların akım içindeki batıklık oranı ve sazlıkların akım alanındaki yoğunluğuyla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu ampirik denklem sayesinde üniform akım derinliği ve kanal geometrisi verileriyle kesitsel-ortalama akım hızı ve debi tahmin edilebilir. Son olarak, modelden elde edilen sonuçlar klasik tipteki balık geçişleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır.
Citation - WoS: 31
Citation - Scopus: 30
Wind Energy Resource Assessment of Izmit in the West Black Sea Coastal Region of Turkey
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2014) Kucukali, Serhat; Dinckal, Cigdem; 20413; 06.05. İnşaat Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
The wind energy potential of Izmit (41.19 N, 30.30 E), which is located in the West Black Sea Coastal Region of Turkey, is assessed with the statistical analysis of the gathered wind data at the 50-m height measurement mast covering the period of 06/2008-06/2009. The annual average wind speed is calculated as 6 m/s and the prevailing wind direction is ENE (60 degrees). The Weibull distribution parameters of shape and scale factor are found as 2.03 and 6.73 m/s, respectively. The measured wind speed data are compared with the data of nearby meteorological stations and the results show that there is a considerable difference between the onsite measurements and the measurements of the meteorological stations. Moreover, a turbulence analysis is carried out and the turbulence intensity is negatively correlated with the normalized height from ground level with canopy height. The energy generation performances of three different wind turbines are evaluated by using the onsite wind speed measurements and the assessment shows that the capacity factor increase by a factor of two from 17% to 34% depending on the type of the turbine. Furthermore, an economic analysis is carried out for a 50 MW wind energy project for the potential site and the proposed project benefit/cost ratio is calculated as 8. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.