Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Bölümü

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An Evaluation on Planning Legislation Following the 1999 Earthquakes
(Kare Publ, 2022) Orhan, Ezgi
Following the 1999 Earthquakes stricken Marmara Region, as the most populated, urbanized and industrialized region of the country, large-scale recovery efforts have been initiated; and in addition to central and local administrations, many institutions and civil societies have become the part of these studies. However, in the face of the devastating effects of the 1999 Earthquakes, significant steps have been taken in legal framework due to its limitedness in guiding disaster policies. Besides, development of the risk management approach at the international level has triggered countries to review their policies and legal regulations shaping their disaster management. Based on this need, the study examines the legislation that shapes the disaster policies and guides spatial planning in our country and its change in the meantime. The legal regulations that have been added to the urban planning legislation in the last 20 years for the purpose of risk mitigation have been discussed. To this end, Article 73 of the "Municipality Law" (no. 5393), "Law on Conservation of Deteriorating Historic and Cultural Property through Renewal and Re-use" (no. 5366), "Law on the Transformation of Areas at Disaster Risk" (no. 6306), and Temporary Article 16 of Development Law (no. 3194) (Peace of Reconstruction) are determined as the main regulation shaping policies for reducing urban risks, and evaluated within the scope of the study. Therefore, this study puts forward the problems and criticisms regarding the implementation of legal arrangements established for the purpose of mitigating urban risks as well as recovery of the disaster-prone areas.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 7
Factors Affecting Post-Disaster Location Choices of Businesses: an Analysis of the 1999 Earthquake
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Orhan, Ezgi
Despite global policies advocating risk reduction and community level recovery, post-disaster implementations usually focus on households, but fail to focus on businesses in spatial terms. Due to the lack of appropriate policy and tools, businesses often make their own location choices as part of their recovery strategy. In view of this, this study aims to establish the factors affecting the location choices of businesses challenged by disasters in the absence of any specific spatial strategies designed for them. In order to determine these factors, empirical research was conducted in Adapazari, Turkey on 232 firms selected as a result of a stratified random sampling procedure. According to the analysis of the results, the most notable impacts on business location choices after a disaster shock are associated with occupancy status, education level, and extent of damage. In line with these findings, the impacts of business location choices are discussed to highlight the role of businesses in spatial decisions.
Citation - WoS: 1
Investigating the "ruins of Modernity" of the City: the Case of Stone Ateliers, Denizli
(Kare Publ, 2016) Orhan, Ezgi
The city planning and architecture had been used as the instruments of the young regime in making itself visible, concrete, and symbolized. The buildings and urban plans transmitting the foundation ideals of Republic together with modernity have contributed to the creation of national sovereignty and a modern society. Divergence from the planning and architectural approach to that period and becoming the target of the political structure of particularly post 2000s caused the formation of a new expression in space. Yusuf Batur Vocational High School's Stone Ateliers have been one of the places enabling to read the process; it was symbolized with early Republican Period, left in time, and finally intended to be deleted from the social memory by collapsing. This paper focuses on the transformation process of Denizli Stone Ateliers to the ruins of modernity by investigating its symbolic meaning and spatial structure.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 6
Locational Attributes of the Lodging Industry: an Empirical Study on Urban Hotels in Ankara, Turkey
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Orhan, Ezgi
Providing temporary accommodation for visitors, hotels usually make permanent location choices as a strategic managerial decision. This study is shaped around the research question of how urban hotels appreciate their locational attributes considering their operationality. By this way, it is aimed at establishing the location de-cisions of urban hotels, and the interaction between their spatial distribution and urban space. A structured questionnaire was conveyed to a sample of 75 hotels operating in Ankara city to inquire about their locational attributes. Results show that hotels commonly accompany with the business functions and their operability are affected from the urban spatial structure. The analysis provides a basis to discuss the attributes of urban location on the business operations of lodging industry by presenting an empirical assessment, and an insight to both potential entrepreneurs and decision-makers in developing a policy framework for hotel investors' needs, de-mands, and site-specific problems.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 4
Reading Vulnerabilities Through Urban Planning History: an Earthquake-Prone City, Adapazari Case From Turkey
(Middle East Technical Univ, 2016) Orhan, Ezgi
Agglomeration of urban population, inadequate institutional capacity, unplanned urbanization, dense built environment, and industrial concentration are considered as the main causes of urban vulnerabilities against encountered disturbances. Planning decisions which regulate these factors are expected to make contribution to safer urban and social contexts and resilience of cities. However, in developing countries such as Turkey where disaster management is not an integrated part of urban planning process, planning decisions may serve for the construction of vulnerabilities. This study reads urban vulnerabilities with respect to urban structuring led by planning decisions. In doing so, an earthquake-prone city, Adapazari was selected to investigate urban vulnerability according to different planning periods and disaster history. The outcome of this study is that planning decisions disregarding urban risks may not contribute to the creation of a safer spatial and social context with respect to disaster mitigation, rather serve to reproduction of urban vulnerabilities.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 6
Reflection of Political Restructuring on Urban Symbols: the Case of Presidential Palace in Ankara, Turkey
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Orhan, Ezgi
Ankara, capital of Turkey has been the revolution space of the country after the proclamation of republic in 1923. The city has carried out the urban symbols of the republican ideology and modernity vision created by the nationalist administrators and elites. The newly established state used architecture and urban planning in transmitting the ideals of national unity and sovereignty by breaking off its ties from Ottoman heritage. After the span of eighty years, Turkey has experienced a new political hegemony. Post-2000s' political approach changed the urban symbols of early Republican period and redesigned the capital in line with its ideological basis. One of the most concrete transformations is observed in the presidential palace of the country which conveys the political intents of each period through its spatial and architectural organizations. This study, therefore, aims to put forward the change in urban symbols and their meanings by focusing on the presidential palace. The palaces are investigated in observational domains; their spatial configurations, buildings, and symbols in relation to the political intents on urban areas and public realm. This paper concludes that in both periods presidential palaces with respect to their spatial and architectural designs are regarded as the icons in representing the dominant political power; the former used it as an instrument of national sovereignty whereas the latter used it as a mark of dominancy over the nation.
Risk Toplumunu Yeniden Gözden Geçirmek: Covıd19’un Kent ve Toplum Üzerindeki Sorunlu Halleri
(2021) Orhan, Ezgi
Bu makale, COVID-19 salgının ardından küresel risk ortamının koşullarına ilişkin eleştirel bir değerlendirme sunmaktadır. Koronavirüs hastalığı tüm dünyaya yayılırken halk sağlığına dair öncelikler ile ekonomik uyum politikalarına dair alınan tedbirleri sorgulatmaktadır. Sosyal, politik ve ekonomik maliyetleriyle, toplumları zorluklara sürükleyen salgın konusu, bir sağlık sorunu olarak tanımlanmanın sınırlarını aşmış ve modernite ve kapitalist ekonomik sisteme dair yeni bir paradigmanın katalizörü haline gelmiştir. İnsan yaşamının her yönünde yarattığı yıkıcı etkileriyle, virüse ilişkin sorunlar bireyleri, ulusları ve küresel toplumu ‘risklerle yaşama’ yollarını düşünmeye yöneltmektedir. COVID-19’un ortaya koyduğu tehditten yola çıkan bu makale, geçmiş deneyimleri, mevcut durumu ve eğilimleri ‘risk toplumu’ kavramı üzerinden okuyarak, toplum, kent ve planlama ilişkilerini tartışmaktadır. Modernitenin, kapitalizmin ve halk sağlığı önceliklerinin tarihsel dinamiklerini yansıtarak, salgın sonrası dünya için farklı ölçeklerde toplumun yeni normallerine ışık tutmaktadır. Eleştirel değerlendirme yoluyla, bu makale risk toplumunun yeni aşamalarını bireysel, yerel, ulusal ve küresel ölçeklerde kavramsallaştırır ve her ölçeğin içerdiği ikilemi tasvir eder.
Citation - WoS: 2
Spatial Organization of Public Buildings: an Evaluation on the Capital City of Turkey
(Yildiz Technical Univ, Fac Architecture, 2020) Orhan, Ezgi
Ankara, a small town of Anatolia before becoming the capital of Turkey, experienced a fundamental spatial restructuring process following the proclamation of the Republic. The vision of modernity and protective economic structure of the Early Republican era determined the spatial configuration of the city and produced public buildings as the icons of the young regime. The last ninety years witnessed different political-economic climates redesigning the urban regime of Ankara and symbols. One of the most tangible transformations is observed in the public buildings, which convey the economic understandings and urban politics of each period through their spatial and architectural organizations, and symbolic meanings. This study explores the change in the urban symbols with an emphasis on public buildings. For this, the ministry buildings of the capital city were selected to investigate spatial organizations, archistar buildings, and the messages conveyed to the public. Focusing on the the intentionally developed clusters of ministries, this study adressed basically three periods concerning the change in political and economic systems; the foundation period, the liberal years and the neoliberal era. As a result of this study it is stated that that in the Turkish case public buildings reflect the main motives of the period they were produced, their spatial organization serves as a medium containing information about the political, economic and social structure of each period.
Tarihi Kent Merkezlerinin Kırılganlığı ve Afet Yönetimi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme: Ankara Saraçlar Sokağı Yangını Örneği
(2018) Orhan, Ezgi
Çalışma, 21 Şubat 2012’de Ankara’nın tarihi kent merkezi Ulus’ta Saraçlar Sokak’ta meydana gelen yangın örneği üzerinden tarihi merkezlerindeki iş alanları için afet yönetim politikaları geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ulus kent merkezinde yaşanan afet ve sonrasındaki deneyimlerden hareketle tarihi iş çevrelerinde kırılganlıkları yaratan etkenlerin neler olduğu ve bu alanlarda afet sakınım stratejileri geliştirilmesi gerekliliği üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Çalışma, Saraçlar Sokak yangın olayı incelemesine göre literatürde yer alan kültürel varlıkların korunması, kentsel kırılganlık, işyeri sürekliliği ve tarihi kentsel alanlarda afet yönetimi konularındaki tartışmaları bütünleştirmektedir. Çalışmanın temel savı, tarihi kent merkezlerinin mekânsal ve sosyo-ekonomik niteliklerinin neden olduğu sorunların yanı sıra alanda yer alan iş faaliyetinden kaynaklanan sorunların da bu alanlarda kentsel risk üretimine katkı koyduğudur. Ulus Tarihi Kent Merkezi’nde mekansal örüntünün, sosyo-ekonomik yapının ve iş etkinliklerinin şekillenişini tarif etmek için alanın planlama tarihi incelenmiş ve bu başlıklar altında kentsel kırılganlıkların üretimine katkı koyan uygulamaların neler olduğu irdelenmiştir. Mekansal yapının yapılaşma düzeni, erişilebilirlik ve altyapı sunumundaki sorunlar nedeniyle kırılganlıkları üretmesi; sosyo-ekonomik yapıda kırılganları oluşturan etkenlerin tarihi kent merkezinin kullanıcılarının özellikleri ve ekonomik ve kurumsal birikimin alanı yenileştirme kapasitesinin sınırlı olması ile ilişkili olması; ve işyeri nitelikleri ve alanda nüfus yoğunluğu yaratmaları bakımından iş faaliyetinin alanda kırılganlıklara yol açması üzerinden bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, tarihi alanların korunması ve ekonomik aktivitenin sürekliliği bakımından tarihi kent merkezlerine yönelik geliştirilecek afet yönetim politikaları ortaya konulmaktadır.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 7
Urban Hotel Location Determinants: Evidence From Ankara's Hotel Geography
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Orhan, Ezgi
This paper argues that urban hotels have different characteristics and make location decisions based on this differentiation, which in turn affect to the urban spatial structure. To this end, the study examines the de-terminants of location choices of hotels and their spatial distribution in Ankara. A sample of 75 hotels operating in Ankara was selected through criterion sampling method and applied a questionnaire to identify their location determinants. Findings suggest that hotels with differentiated characteristics show variations in making their location choice, which leads to a shift in gravity of the city and promotes spatial segregation among the central districts of the city. The overall assessment provides evidence on the increasing importance of the new devel-opment districts in hotel locations and the decreasing role of old town in the market competition which ne-cessitates the development of local policies targeting the improvement of central district with the lens of hotel geography. Verification of the hypothesis by the case study will fill the gap in literature that has not yet been addressed in Turkey's cities context in the framework of the planning discipline.
Citation - WoS: 7
Urban Spatial Structuring Following Disasters: Empirical Findings From Location Choices of Businesses in Adapazari, Turkey
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Orhan, Ezgi
This study argues that ignorance of businesses in disaster management systems from the point of spatial policies leads to deviations from initial recovery goals aiming to create a safer urban environment. Therefore, the paper examines the location choices of businesses in a disaster-stricken case from Turkey through an empirical research conducted after the 1999 Earthquake. In doing so, data were gathered from 232 firms in Adapazari city via a questionnaire to inquire about their location choices before and after the disaster and the reasons behind their strategy. Findings suggest that recovery goals at community level cannot be achieved without referring to the spatial decisions of businesses in hazard-prone areas. With regard to the findings of the study, policy recommendations are developed to guide post-disaster practises from a space-sensitive perspective by focusing on businesses.

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