Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/401
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Article Citation - WoS: 2The Relationship Between Triple Deficit and Growth: The Case of Turkey(Eskisehir Osmangazi Univ, Fac Education, 2015) Berke, Burcu; Temiz, Dilek; Temiz, Dilek; Karakurt, Eda; Uluslararası Ticaret ve FinansmanMacroeconomic equilibrium in an economy is provided by equalizing of internal and external economic balances. While internal economic balance consists of saving-investment balance of the private sector and the income-expenditure balance of the public sector (budget balance), the external economic balance is comprised of the current account balance. According to this equation, when both internal economic balances gave deficits, it is required that the current account balance is expected to give a deficit up to them. This situation is defined as "triple deficit". Triple deficits are generally a problem occurring in the economies trying to grow over the potential, in which there is an insufficient domestic savings. Therefore, it must have been examined the relationship between triple deficit and growth in Turkey. In this study, the effect of each component (balances) of the "triple deficit" hypothesis on growth are studied by VAR model during period of 2003Q2-2012Q4 in Turkey and it is found that these balances are the most explaining variables the growth.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 29Virtual Business Operations, E-Commerce & Its Significance and the Case of Turkey: Current Situation and Its Potential(Springer, 2012) Gokmen, Aytac21(st) century is the age of high technologies penetrated into business leading to virtual businesses and e-commerce applications combined with electronic business (e-business) structures. Virtual businesses are independent and/or partly dependent organizations that have flexible and agile structures to respond the altering business conditions. Yet, electronic commerce (e-commerce) is the exchange of goods and services over the Internet. Both virtual businesses and e-commerce operations enable organizations to have fluid structures, modify the changing conditions, lower expenses, access to new markets and attain new consumers. The e-commerce applications have also been increasing in Turkey at a great pace but not significantly when compared to the total trade volume. For, the aim of this paper is to focus on the virtual businesses, e-commerce, harmonization of the conventional business structures with e-commerce and emphasize the importance of the e-commerce applications in Turkey resting on dependable national and international publications and data. With respect to the research made, it is possible to state that the e-commerce volume of Turkey is increasing as a remedy to cover the foreign trade deficit, but it is still not sufficient when compared to the total trade volume. Additionally, even though Turkey possesses an efficient e-government mechanism and e-signature law to enhance the volume of its e-commerce, the lack of cooperation among parties and standardization as well as the difficulty in adoption of digital transactions would be issues to be tackled in order to develop e-commerce in Turkey.Article The impact of foreign trade issues on economic growth in some developing countries including Iran and Turkey(Routledge, 2017) Temiz Dinç, Dilek; Gökmen, Aytaç; Nakip, Mahir; Madadkhah Azari, Nayier; Azari, Nayier MadadkhahThe issue of foreign trade and economic growth have been on the economic agenda for centuries. Foreign trade is a facilitator of goods and services exchange in the global marketplace and is an engine of economic growth in a country. Moreover, economic growth is a means to improve the output, employment opportunities, and welfare, which in turn could make a favorable impact on the positive foreign trade balance. Economic growth is also an essential component of country competitiveness in international markets. Yet, the objective of this study is to analyze the correlation between foreign trade and economic growth in some developing countries, including Iran and Turkey, by using econometrics applications (panel co-integration method and E-views software), also resting on credible national and international publications. Thus, it is estimated in the study that foreign trade has a positive impact on economic growth, resource allocation, energy and green energy consumption, human capital development, and physical capital consumption.Article Citation - Scopus: 9The Impact of Foreign Trade Issues on Economic Growth in Some Developing Countries Including Iran and Turkey(Routledge, 2017) Nakip, M.; Azari, N.M.; Temiz Dinç, D.; Gökmen, A.The issue of foreign trade and economic growth have been on the economic agenda for centuries. Foreign trade is a facilitator of goods and services exchange in the global marketplace and is an engine of economic growth in a country. Moreover, economic growth is a means to improve the output, employment opportunities, and welfare, which in turn could make a favorable impact on the positive foreign trade balance. Economic growth is also an essential component of country competitiveness in international markets. Yet, the objective of this study is to analyze the correlation between foreign trade and economic growth in some developing countries, including Iran and Turkey, by using econometrics applications (panel co-integration method and E-views software), also resting on credible national and international publications. Thus, it is estimated in the study that foreign trade has a positive impact on economic growth, resource allocation, energy and green energy consumption, human capital development, and physical capital consumption. © 2017 Taylor & Francis.Article What Explains Firm’s Access to Finance in Turkey?(2020) Özşuca Erenoğlu, Ekin Ayşe; Özşuca, Ekin AyşeThe relationship between the financial sector and private non-financial sector deserves particular attention given the incontestable importance of the private sector as an engine of economic growth and job creation. Notwithstanding this importance, however, the evidence is highly suggestive that Turkish firms are confronted with obstacles in accessing formal financial services. Along these lines, this paper provides new empirical evidence for the determinants of access to finance by the enterprises in Turkey. In particular, the study investigates some enterprise-specific characteristics that may have an impact on a firm’s ability in accessing finance to scrutinize whether Turkish firms are credit constrained. The empirical analysis is based on micro level data from the World Bank’s Enterprise Survey for the fiscal year 2019. Three different measures of credit constraint are computed; a subjective measure based on perception and two objective measures based on the usage of formal financial services and direct information on credit constraints. Employing both subjective and objective measures of credit provide means for assessing the extent to which and how key determinants among firms’ characteristics displays variation between enterprises categorized by alternative credit constraint measures. Overall, the findings of the study reveal that the age of the firm, experience of the current manager, female/foreign participation in ownership and exporter status are found to be significantly associated with the firm’s access to finance. Notably, the results display several differences in underlying firm level factors for credit situation among subcategories based on alternative credit indicators. The findings of the study are of remarkable importance for designing policy to improve firms’ credit constraints and advance bank-firm connectedness in Turkey.Article Virtual business operations, e-commerce & its significance and the case of Turkey: current situation and its potential(Springer, 2012) Gökmen, Aytaç21(st) century is the age of high technologies penetrated into business leading to virtual businesses and e-commerce applications combined with electronic business (e-business) structures. Virtual businesses are independent and/or partly dependent organizations that have flexible and agile structures to respond the altering business conditions. Yet, electronic commerce (e-commerce) is the exchange of goods and services over the Internet. Both virtual businesses and e-commerce operations enable organizations to have fluid structures, modify the changing conditions, lower expenses, access to new markets and attain new consumers. The e-commerce applications have also been increasing in Turkey at a great pace but not significantly when compared to the total trade volume. For, the aim of this paper is to focus on the virtual businesses, e-commerce, harmonization of the conventional business structures with e-commerce and emphasize the importance of the e-commerce applications in Turkey resting on dependable national and international publications and data. With respect to the research made, it is possible to state that the e-commerce volume of Turkey is increasing as a remedy to cover the foreign trade deficit, but it is still not sufficient when compared to the total trade volume. Additionally, even though Turkey possesses an efficient e-government mechanism and e-signature law to enhance the volume of its e-commerce, the lack of cooperation among parties and standardization as well as the difficulty in adoption of digital transactions would be issues to be tackled in order to develop e-commerce in TurkeyArticle Citation - WoS: 67Citation - Scopus: 83Fdi Inflow as an International Business Operation by Mncs and Economic Growth: an Empirical Study on Turkey(Elsevier Science Bv, 2014) Temiz, Dilek; Gokmen, AytacThe issue of foreign direct investment (FDI) has been affecting the world economy for years and is a considerable subject for both developed and developing countries. FDI is the fixed form of international business operation made across the national borders made mostly by the multi national corporations (MNCs). The positive impact of FDI inflow in a host country is expected to emerge as capital accumulation, technology transfer, know-how acquisition, innovative capacity and economic growth eventually. In this study, it is aimed to address the FDI literature depending on comprehensive international publications and then to analyze the FDI inflow and GDP growth in Turkey with econometric methods. The relation between FDI inflow and GDP growth is analyzed by using the Johansen cointegration test and Granger causality analysis. Afterwards, a regression equation is estimated by using the ordinary least squares method (OLS). Prior to applying the Cointegration test, the stationarity and integration degrees of the series are determined by the augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF). Consequently, resting on the results of entire analysis, it is possible to mention that no significant relation is determined between the FDI inflow and GDP growth in Turkey both in the short and long run. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 9The Importance and Impact of Fossil and Renewable Energy Sources in Turkey on Business and the Economy(Taylor & Francis inc, 2015) Gokmen, A.; Temiz, D.Turkey is rapidly growing in terms of both its economy and its population. In parallel, its demand for energy is increasing fast. Energy is one of Turkey's most important development priorities. Today, Turkey's economy is mainly dependent on oil, natural gas, coal, and electricity. Turkey's energy production meets only a part of its total energy consumption and thereby is an energy-importing country. On the other hand, Turkey has a large potential for renewable energies. The most important renewable sources for Turkey's energy sector are wind, biomass, hydro, solar and geothermal. Renewable energy sources respond to the process of the trio of energy, economy, and environment because, as a local source it has many positive effects on employment and provides momentum to the economy of the country. Turkey would have to commit to the development and implementation of renewable energy technologies and energy conservation. The implementation of renewable energy technologies would reduce the current national and global environmental problems as well as national energy insecurity associated with the production and use of fossil energies. Thus, the aim of this article is to present the energy situation and potential of the renewable energy sources in Turkey as well as associate these factors with the economy and business priorities.