Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/401

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Department: search.filters.department.Çankaya Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, Uluslararası Ticaret BölümüLanguage: search.filters.language.en

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 30
  • Article
    The Importance Of Renewable Energy Sources in Turkey
    (2010) Temiz, Dilek; Gökmen, Aytaç
    Turkey is rapidly growing in terms of both its industrial production and population. Parallel to this, its demand for energy is amounting fast. Energy is one of Turkey's most important development preferences. Today, Turkey's energy necessity is fundamentally dependent on oil, natural gas, and electricity. On the other hand, Turkey's energy production meets only 30% of its total energy consumption and thereby is an energy importing country. On the other hand, Turkey has a large potential for renewable energies. The renewable sources in Turkey are solar, wind, biomass, hydro, solar and geothermal. Most of Turkey's production facilities are based on fossil fuels. However, every year, Turkey has to meet a great burden to meet the costs of importing fossil fules and the costs of the damages that occur in the environment by the utilization of fossil fules and their byproducts which is environmetal degredation. Besides, Turkey is an abundant country with respect to renewable energy sources and could benefit considerably by the utilization of this green type enrgy. Moreover, the implementation of renewable energy technologies can lower the current national and global environmental problems as well as secure energy necessities of Turkey associated with the production and use of fossil energies. Therefore, the objective of this study is to present the energy situation and potential of the renewable energy sources in Turkey as well as associate these factors with the environmental issues.
  • Article
    Previous Developments And The Current Situation in The Turkish Banking Sector, Foreign Entry And Its Reflections On The National Banking Industry
    (2009) Gökmen, Aytaç; Hamsioğlu, A. Buğra
    The banking industry possesses a unique property that is unlike to other sectors with respect to supplying liquidity and financial strength for the economy and transaction operations However, despite their significance, banking industries in the world are subject to various crises and foreign interventions that could affect the financial industry negatively. This study describes the background of the Turkish Banking Sector, explains the reasons for the three major crises it was subjected to in 1994, 2001 and 2002 that resulted from numerous factors such as insufficient implementation of regulations, inadequate depth of the capital markets, lack of assessment of risk, inadequate managerial applications and excessive lending to incorporated institutions. The study also dwells on the restructuring process that has been continuing for more than two decades, reasons of foreign entry to the Turkish Banking Industry, as well as explains the reflections of foreign entry on the national banking industry depending on various comprehensive and credible national and international publications.
  • Article
    The 2000-2001 Financial Crisis In Turkey And The Global Economic Crisis of 2008-2009: Reasons And Comparisons
    (2009) Temiz, Dilek; Gökmen, Aytaç
    The economic crisis of 2000-2001 was proved to be demolishing for Turkey after the abundance of currency peg in the same year. The crisis in question stemmed from insufficient implementation of regulations, inadequate depth of the capital markets, lack of assessment of risk, excessive lending to incorporated institutions by national banks, restricted interest rates, monitored foreign exchange operations, limited foreign asset holding, lack of competition, barriers to foreign entry & high liquidity, chronic inflation and a deficit in balance of payments. However, the crisis that Turkey was subject to in 2008-2009 was quite different than the previous ones as to be a result of world matters. The sparking effect begun in the USA at the mortgage market, the fail of the mortgage market negatively influenced the capital, stock and derivative markets and spread the world. Thus, this study aims to analyze and reveal the reflections of the 2000-2001 and 2008-2009 crises and their comparison with regards to Turkey on theoretical basis resting on numerous comprehensive and credible national and international publications
  • Book
    Internatıonal Businesses & Impacts on the Defense Industry of Turkey
    (LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2013) Gökmen, Aytaç
    International business is one of the considerable issues in business studies and has impact in almost every aspects of life. Turkey is located at the convergence of Europe and Asia as well as neighbors to some disputed countries in her region. That’s why, she must have a strong and modern military power to remain sound. However, military research and manufacturing are costly issues that require cooperation with various agencies. Therefore, the Republic of Turkey has cooperation with many national and especially international businesses in order to take advantage of contemporary knowledge, technology and know-how. Thus, the objective of this study is to review a general literature on international business, development of the Turkish Defence Industry, cooperation with international businesses and the effect of this process on the economy.
  • Article
    Tariff negotiations in Rubinstein bargaining model
    (2006) Yazıcı, Mehmet
    This paper applies Rubinstein bargaining model to tariff negotiations in order to predict the outcome of the bargaining. Following Dixit (1987) and Mayer (1981), we are able to express tariff strategies in the form of reaction functions. This results in a strategy space much larger than that considered in the literature and also in a smooth welfare frontier. Having applied Rubinstein Bargaining model, we have characterized the outcome of the tariff negotiations and given an example, which indicates that the negotiations will lead to free trade when countries are symmetric.
  • Article
    Tacit knowledge and its corelation to innovation and performance in obtaining competitive advantage: a study in a business operating in the textile industry
    (2011) Gökmen, Aytaç; Hamşioğlu, Ahmet Buğra
    Günümüzde, rekabetin yeniden tanımlanması ve her geçen gün daha da karmaşıklaşması, işletmeleri yeni çözüm arayışlarına itmektedir. Bununla beraber alışılmış çarelerin kullanılması, işletmeleri çıkmazlara götürebilmektedir. Bu ise, işletmelerin örtülü bilgiyi doğru kullanımı, yenilik ve performans sarmalında yepyeni yeteneklere sahip olmaları ile mümkün görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, örtülü bilgi, yenilik ve performans arasındaki iliĢkiyi araĢtırmaktır. Araştırmanın uygulama aşaması, İstanbul ili merkezli tekstil sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir işletmede yapılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS 11.5 programı ile, faktör analizi, korelasyon analizi, regresyon analizi ve tanımlayıcı istatistik teknikler yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, örtülü bilgi, yenilik ve performans arasında çeşitli bulgular elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, örtülü bilgi, yenilik ve performans arasında yüksek düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişkilerin varlığı gözlenmiştir. Yine örtülü bilginin, yenilik ve performans üzerinde önemli etkilerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca yeniliğin işletme performansı üzerinde de önemli bir etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür.
  • Article
    Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Exportation of Turkey and its Contribution to the Economic Growth
    (2018) Temiz Dinç, Dilek; Gökmen, Aytaç; Soygür, Seda
    Economic growth is indispensable for the development of a country and welfare of its citizens. Economic activities can be improved with the enhancement of business sectors within its structure. Furthermore, exportation is a substantial means of reinforcing economic growth. In this research, the correlation between the fresh fruit & vegetable exportation and the economic growth of the Republic of Turkey is examined. Certain econometric methods as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Unit Root test, Phillips-Perron (PP) Unit Root test, Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, Shin (KPSS) Unit Root test, Vector Auto-regression Analysis (VAR), Co-integration Analysis, Error Correction Model (VECM), Impulse-response Functions and Variance Decomposition Analysis are employed to research the correlation for the 2004 Q1-2015 Q4 period. It was concluded that the exportation of fresh fruits and vegetables have a favorable contribution to the economic growth of the Republic of Turkey in the long-run.
  • Article
    Foreign direct investment & its correlation to economics: The case of Brazil
    (2019) Dinç, Dilek Temiz; Gökmen, Aytaç
    Capital accumulation is the first and foremost important factor to induce economic growth and development in a country. Yet, not every country in the world is bestowed with abundant capital. Thus, in this instance foreign direct investment (FDI) emerges as a good option to supply the necessary amount of capital to countries which are deprived of the necessary capital stock. Moreover, FDI, besides being a catalyst of economic development, is a significant means of transferring technology, knowledge, managerial know-how and constitutes new potentials to create employment opportunities, increase the production volume and enhance the foreign trade balance. Furthermore, the impact of FDI inflow on the economic growth is researched in this paper for Brazil by means of utilizing various econometric methods for the period of 1970–2017. According to the results of this study there is no positive causality between economic growth and FDI inflow in the short-run. Yet, there is a positive and significant causality between FDI inflow and economic growth in the long-run as well as this stems from the fact that investments lead to positive results gradually in the long-term which also means that investments shall be converted into production as much as possible. Moreover, the novelty of this paper is that it is one of the most up-to-date studies to research FDI–economic growth correlation on Brazil in the literature.
  • Article
    Fınancıalınclusıon In Turkey: Evıdence From Indıvıduallevel Data
    (2019) Özşuca, Ekin
    Using individual level data from the World Bank Global Findex for 2017, this study analyzes the levelof financial inclusion and explores its main determinants in Turkey. In particular, it explores how individualcharacteristics (i.e. gender, age, income, education) are associated with the usage of formal financial servicesand impinge on the perceived barriers to account ownership among financially excluded individuals in Turkey.The results of the study indicate that being man, older, richer and more educated increases the likelihood ofhaving a formal account and formal saving. Moreover, mobile banking is found to be driven by identicalindividual characteristics with that of other traditional formal financial services usage. As regards with the mainobstacles for not having a formal account, each one of the individual attributes seems to be significant inexplaining different voluntary and involuntary self-reported barriers behind financial exclusion. The findingsare of remarkable importance for designing policies to promote financial inclusion in Turkey.
  • Article
    Fdı Inflow And Operatıons Of Multı Natıonal Enterprıses & Prıvatızatıon Polıcıes Of Turkey: The Effect Of The Process On The Performance Of The Turkısh Economy
    (2012) Gökmen, Aytaç; Temiz, Dilek
    Mal ve sermaye akışı özellikle II. Dünya Savaşı'nın sona ermesi ile hızlanmış, doğrudan yabancı sermaye (DYS) yatırımlarının birikimini ve bununla birlikte dünyanın pek çok yerinde de çokuluslu işletmelerin (ÇUİŞ) uğraşılarının artmasını kolaylaştırmıştır. Ancak, DYS yatırımlarının önemli bir devinim kazanması 1980'ler sonrasında olmuştur. DYS yatırımlarının özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerden gelişen ülkelere akması bilgi, teknik beceri, teknoloji, finansal sermaye ve insan kaynağı aktarımını kolaylaştırmış ve de ülkelerin iktisaden gelişmesine ve kalkınmasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Türkiye açısındansa, DYS yatırımları 1980 öncesi çok önem kazanamamış, 1990'lar sonrası artmaya başlamış ve ancak 2000'ler sonrası özelleştirme uygulamaları ile tepe yapmıştır. Türkiye'de DYS politikaları ve özelleştirme, 2002 yılı sonbaharında Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) Hükümeti'nin iktidara gelmesi ile büyük önem kazanmıştır. Türkiye'de birçok çevre AKP'nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarının başarılı olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Ancak, çeşitli makroekonomik değerler göz önüne alındığında AKP'nin özelleştirme politikalarının Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin ekonomik gücü ve bağımsızlığı açısından bir başarısızlık olduğu söylenebilir. Dolayısı ile, bu çalışmanın amacı DYS kuramı üzerinde durarak, Türkiye'nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarını eleştirel açıdan tenkit etmek ve bu konudaki AKP politikalarının başarısızlığını ortaya koymaktır