Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/401
Browse
72 results
Search Results
Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 9The Relationship Between Inflation, Output Growth, and Their Uncertainties: Nonlinear Multivariate Garch-M Evidence(Economics Bulletin, 2011) Omay, Tolga; Omay, Tolga; Çankaya Meslek YüksekokuluIn this paper, we propose a nonlinear multivariate GARCH-M model. We have illustrated the actual modelling by applying the models to inflation and output growth variables and found that the effects of real and nominal uncertainties are regime-dependent.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 4An Empirical Survey of Consumer Ethnocentrism in Kazakhstan and the Preference of Consumers on Imported Products(Ahmet Yesevi Univ, 2017) Nakip, Mahir; Nakip, Mahir; Gokmen, Aytac; Gökmen, Aytaç; Uluslararası Ticaret ve FinansmanThe reality of globalization declines the frontiers for cross border international trade and investments as well as functions as a means to converge the consumer needs and expectations on a global base. The convergence of the expectations of consumers is considerably beneficial for international businesses in their international marketing activities. However, this issue does not realize in every country or regional market. Yet, consumer ethnocentrism is a profound obstacle for international businesses which emphasis nationalistic sentiments, pride and the rejection of any product or idea that is made in another country without any rationale reasoning. Thus, this study is aimed at researching the subject of consumer ethnocentrism in the Central Asian Turkish Republic of Kazakhstan. The results indicate that there is not a strong relation between ethnocentric perceptions and product necessity in Kazakhstan. Also, sub-dimensions of ethnocentrism have different correlation levels with each imported products. In addition, religious and moral values are not effective factors in explaining the variation in imported products.Article Citation - WoS: 1Financial Market Segmentation: an Application on Islamic Financial Markets(Journal Applied Economics & Business Research, 2017) Nakip, Mahir; Gökmen, Aytaç; Nakip, Mahir; Gokmen, Aytac; Mohammed, Salah Awad; Uluslararası Ticaret ve FinansmanMuslim world comprises of a considerable part of the earth's population and there are many Muslim states in the world. People who adopted the Islam religion have a distinctive understanding of life based on Al-Quran, Hadith and Sharia. Therefore, all the deeds of Muslims must be in accordance with the way of Islam and Sharia. Finance is an issue in which Sharia prevails. According to the principles of Sharia, conventional financial applications are not proper for Muslims. Therefore, certain financial instruments and regulations are implemented to comply with the rulings of Islam and Sharia. Moreover, the aim of this study is to analyze the financial markets in Muslim countries resting on dependable international resources such as macro economical and financial indicators, and segmenting them by using statistical methods as Cluster and Discriminant analysis. As a result, it is concluded that financial markets in Muslim countries can be segmented by using certain financial indicators. Yet, financial markets in Muslim countries cannot be segmented by using certain economic indicators but, these indicators can be used to discriminate the financial market segments.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 1The Relationship Between Inflation, Output Growth, and Inflation Uncertainty: Panel Data Evidence From Selected Industrial Countries(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2012) Omay, T.; Omay, Tolga; Eruygur, A.; Çankaya Meslek YüksekokuluIn this chapter, we have examined the causal relationships among the inflation rate, output growth rate, and inflation uncertainty for a panel of industrialized countries. For this purpose, we have estimated a PANEL-GARCH model for inflation rate and performed Panel-causality tests using conditional standard deviations of inflation to proxy nominal uncertainty. The relationships among inflation, output growth, and inflation uncertainty have been investigated extensively in the empirical literature for developed countries (e.g., Grier and Perry 1998; Davis and Kanago, 2000; Fountas et al. 2006; Fountas and Karanasos 2007). Our main contribution is to extend the analysis conducted by these studies to a group of developed countries using panel data techniques. The panel Granger test results have showed that the Friedman-Ball hypothesis is not supported by data when applied to the group of countries included in this chapter. This has led us to conclude that a threshold level of inflation does exist before the Friedman- Ball hypothesis applies. On the other hand, the reported test results have provided empirical support for the Cukierman-Meltzer (1986) hypothesis that inflation uncertainty raises the inflation rate in the group of industrialized countries under investigation. Our findings regarding the causal relationship between inflation uncertainty and output growth report a bidirectional relationship between these two variables. While output growth leads to an increase in inflation uncertainty at first lag, this effect is found to be insignificant at fourth lags. However, inflation uncertainty is found to be detrimental for real growth uniformly across the lags considered. Finally, a negative bidirectional causal relation was detected between output growth and inflation. © 2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Article Citation - Scopus: 3The Relationship Between Output Growth and Inflation: Evidence From Turkey(2010) Omay, T.; Omay, Tolga; Aluftekin, N.; Karadagli, E.C.; Çankaya Meslek YüksekokuluIn this study, a bi-variate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticty model is used in order to investigate the Granger causality relationships between output growth, inflation rate and their uncertainties. Our test results show that the existence of Granger-causality is observed from nominal uncertainty to inflation, from nominal uncertainty to real uncertainty, from output growth to real uncertainty, from output growth to nominal uncertainty and from inflation to nominal uncertainty. These findings prove that theoretical predictions of Cuikerman and Meltzer (1986), Okun (1971) and Friedman (1977) are valid for the period 1986, 6 - 2007, 1 for Turkey. On the other hand, 'Short-run Phillips Curve' and 'Taylor Effect' have proven empirically to be invalid for Turkey for this sample period. Moreover, we deduce that Turkish inflation is affected by the output growth through the nominal uncertainty channel.Book Part Digital Economy: the Correlation Between Digital Technology and Economic Growth-An Emperical Application(IGI Global, 2023) Gökmen, A.; Dinç, D.The aim of this study is to explain the concept of digital economy and to examine the effect of digital technology on economic growth. In the study, the causality relationship between digital technology and economic growth in the Turkish economy for the period 2004-2021 was investigated with the Toda-Yamamoto test. As a result of the study, according to 10% significance level, bidirectional causality between internet usage-economic growth, computer usage-economic growth, and one-way causality between mobile line usage and economic growth from mobile line usage to economic growth was determined. No causal relationship was found between website ownership and economic growth in enterprises. According to the 5% significance level, a one-way causality relationship was determined from only computer and internet use to economic growth. © 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.Book Part Culture, Cross-Cultural Communication, and International Business Communication in the Global Context: a Critical Approach(IGI Global, 2023) Gökmen, A.International business communication concerns the reconciliation of businesses and products which strive to embrace both the private and government sectors of numerous countries to conduct business transactions. Yet, inter-cultural communication is used when delivering different messages among different societies while doing international business. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to define the concepts of culture, international business communication and inter-cultural communication as well as integrate them on a global scale. © 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved.Article Türkiye’de Frmaların Finansmana Erişiminin Belirleyicileri Nelerdir(2020) Özşuca, Ekin AyşeÖzel sektörün iktisadi büyüme ve istihdam yaratmadaki inkar edilemez rolü göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, finansal sektör ile finansal olmayan özel sektör arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Ancak bu öneme rağmen, bulgular Türk firmalarının resmi finansal hizmetlere erişimkonusunda engellerle karşılaştıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, bu çalışma Türkiye’deki işletmeler tarafından finansmana erişime ilişkin belirleyicilere yönelik yeni ampirik bulgular sunmaktadır. Türk firmalarının kredi kısıtlamaları olup olmadığını ortaya koymak amacıyla bu araştırma, özellikle firmanın finansmana erişim gücünü etkileyebilecek bazı firma düzeyindeki özellikleri araştırmaktadır. Ampirik analizler, 2019 mali yılı için Dünya Bankası İşletme Anketi’nden alınan mikro seviye verilere dayanmaktadır. Üç farklı kredi kısıtlaması ölçüsü hesaplanmıştır; bunlardan bir tanesi algıya dayalı bir subjektif değişken ve diğer ikisi ise resmi finansal hizmetlerin kullanımına ve kredi kısıtlamalarına ilişkin doğrudan bilgiye dayanan objektif değişkenlerdir. Krediye ilişkin hem subjektif hem objektif değişkenleri kullanmak firma özellikleri arasındaki başlıca belirleyicilerin ne dereceye kadar alternatif kredi kısıtlaması ölçüleri ile sınıflandırılan işletmeler arasında farklılık gösterdiğinin değerlendirilmesini sağlamaktadır. Genel olarak araştırmanın sonuçları firmanın yaşının, mevcut yöneticinin deneyimlerinin, mülkiyette kadın/yabancı katılımının ve ihracatçı durumunun firmanın finansmana erişimiyle önemli derecede bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, alternatif kredi göstergelerine bağlı alt kategoriler arasındaki kredi durumuna ilişkin altta yatan firma seviyesindeki faktörlerde bazı değişiklikler olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymuştur. Araştırmanın bulguları, firmaların kredi kısıtlamaları durumunun ve Türkiye’deki banka-firma bağının iyileştirilmesine yönelik politikanın geliştirilmesi bakımından oldukça önemlidir.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 29Virtual Business Operations, E-Commerce & Its Significance and the Case of Turkey: Current Situation and Its Potential(Springer, 2012) Gokmen, Aytac21(st) century is the age of high technologies penetrated into business leading to virtual businesses and e-commerce applications combined with electronic business (e-business) structures. Virtual businesses are independent and/or partly dependent organizations that have flexible and agile structures to respond the altering business conditions. Yet, electronic commerce (e-commerce) is the exchange of goods and services over the Internet. Both virtual businesses and e-commerce operations enable organizations to have fluid structures, modify the changing conditions, lower expenses, access to new markets and attain new consumers. The e-commerce applications have also been increasing in Turkey at a great pace but not significantly when compared to the total trade volume. For, the aim of this paper is to focus on the virtual businesses, e-commerce, harmonization of the conventional business structures with e-commerce and emphasize the importance of the e-commerce applications in Turkey resting on dependable national and international publications and data. With respect to the research made, it is possible to state that the e-commerce volume of Turkey is increasing as a remedy to cover the foreign trade deficit, but it is still not sufficient when compared to the total trade volume. Additionally, even though Turkey possesses an efficient e-government mechanism and e-signature law to enhance the volume of its e-commerce, the lack of cooperation among parties and standardization as well as the difficulty in adoption of digital transactions would be issues to be tackled in order to develop e-commerce in Turkey.Article Geleneksel Olmayan Para Politikası Çerçevesinde Türkiye’de Banka Kredi Kanalının Yeniden Gözden Geçirilmesi(2022) Özşuca, Ekin AyşeBu çalışma Türkiye’de uygulanan geleneksel olmayan para politikası çerçevesinde banka kredi kanalının etkinliğine yönelik ampirik kanıt ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, para politikası duruşundaki değişikliklerin banka kredi büyümesi üzerindeki etkisi 2011 ve 2019 arasındaki dönemi kapsayacak şekilde dinamik panel modelleme yöntemi kullanılarak araştırılmaktadır. Ampirik sonuçlar para politikası değişikliğini takiben Türk bankaların kredi arzında kesitsel farklılıklar olduğunu göstermekte, bu da 2010 sonrası politika bileşimi uygulaması döneminde banka kredi kanalının etkinliğine işaret etmektedir. Daha açık bir şekilde, küçük, likiditesi düşük ve sermayesi kısıtlı bankalar parasal sıkılaşma dönemlerinde daha keskin kredi daralması yaşama eğilimindedir. Bunun yanı sıra, bankalara özgü özellikler bağlamında sonuçlar, banka büyüklüğü ve yüksek sermayenin daha yüksek kredi arzına yol açtığını, buna karşılık likiditenin ise banka kredisi üzerinde negatif etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.