Theoretical Study of Mhd Maxwell Fluid With Combined Effect of Heat and Mass Transfer Via Local and Nonlocal Time Derivatives

Abstract

This study highlights the combined effect of heat and mass transfer on MHD Maxwell fluid under time-dependent generalized boundary conditions for velocity, temperature, and concentration. The classical calculus due to the fact that it is assumed as the instant rate of change of the output when the input level changes. Therefore, it is not able to include the previous state of the system called the memory effect. But in the fractional calculus (FC), the rate of change is affected by all points of the considered interval, so it can incorporate the previous history/memory effects of any system. Due to this reason, we applied the modern definition of fractional derivatives (local and nonlocals kernels). Here, the order of fractional derivative will be treated as an index of memory. The exact and semi-analytical solutions are obtained using the integral transform and inversion algorithm. Several important properties of different parameters are analyzed by graphs. Interesting results are revealed by this investigation due to their vast applications in engineering and applied sciences.