Browsing by Author "Unalir, Dizdar"

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Low Signature UAVs: Radar Cross Section Analysis, Simulation, and Measurement in X-Band
(Springer London Ltd, 2025) Unalir, Dizdar; Yalcinkaya, Bengisu; Aydin, Elif; 06.03. Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
The increasing prevalence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is driving the development of radar systems capable of detecting them. This hampers the deployment of UAVs in military operations. While radar cross section reduction (RCSR) can be a valuable solution, the research on this subject is inadequate. This paper presents an RCSR approach adopting a shaping technique for UAVs, demonstrating the proposed approach's efficacy through simulations and actual experimental measurements performed in X-Band on a four-legged UAV model. Using electromagnetic computational instruments, the shaping is applied to the designed UAV model with parameter-based simulations, the simulated radar cross section (RCS) values are derived, and the comparative analysis of these instruments is conducted. Experimental measurements are performed in laboratory conditions using a vector network analyzer. Actual measurement results are validated by simulative findings with the examination of the influence of frequency, polarization, and aspect angle on RCS. The demonstrated measuring approach allows cost-effective and easily applicable research on RCS in X-Band, a commonly utilized frequency range in military. An average RCSR of 10 dBsm has been accomplished with the presented shaping approach.
Model Enhancement for UAV Stealth in X-Band
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Unalir, Dizdar; Yalcinkaya, Bengisu; Aydin, Elif; 06.03. Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
With the rapid advancement of technology, radar detection techniques continue to evolve, challenging the effectiveness of traditional unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) stealth techniques. As the usage of UAVs in military applications expands, the need for effective radar cross section reduction (RCSR) methods to enhance their stealth capabilities has grown significantly. In this study, we propose an enhancement of a previously developed Low-RCS UAV model, focusing on RCSR with shaping technique in the X-band. For the identification and optimization of the UAV model’s highly reflective components, a detailed simulative analysis of the RCS was performed using CST Studio Suite Environment. The modifications are applied to the body and leg components to minimize radar reflections. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed enhancements significantly reduced RCS values compared to the original Low-RCS UAV model. A total of 13 dBsm reduction in RCS was observed compared to the traditional UAV models. Comparative analysis for different frequencies in X-Band and various aspect angles confirmed the effectiveness of the improved design, validating its potential for stealth applications. The findings can contribute to the research in UAV stealth technology and provide insights into future low-visibility UAV designs. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
Radar Cross Section Studies of Low Signature UAVs in X-Band: Simulation, Measurement and Performance Evaluation
(IEEE, 2024) Unalir, Dizdar; Gokdogan, Bengisu Yalcinkaya; Aydin, Elif; 06.03. Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği; 06. Mühendislik Fakültesi; 01. Çankaya Üniversitesi
In this study, the effectiveness of a radar cross section (RCS) reduction method based on a proposed shaping technique for four-legged unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has been proven with simulation tools and experimental measurements in X-Band. Simulative RCS values were obtained with CST and HFSS electromagnetic calculation tools, and the advantages of these tools compared to each other were examined. Experimental measurements were carried out in a laboratory environment with a vector network analyzer (VNA) and confirmed with simulation results. The effects of frequency, polarization and aspect angle factors on RCS were examined. It has been shown that with the proposed measurement method, low-cost and easily applicable RCS analysis can be performed in X-Band, one of the frequency bands frequently used in the defense industry. With the proposed shaping method, RCS reduction in the range of 5-10 dBsm was achieved.