Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/401

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A Fuzzy AHP approach for selecting a global supplier in pharmaceutical industry
(2012) Taş, Ayşegül; 29252
Our study looks into the strategy that should be pursued for raw material procurement by a pharmaceutical firm operating in Turkey. In this paper, pharmaceutical research companies and food industry chemists operating in the global market in the pharmaceutical industry are examined and a suitable supply strategy is suggested for a company operating in Turkey under the specified criteria. The supplier selection is a multi-criterion problem which includes both qualitative and quantitative criteria. This paper proposes a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) to efficiently tackle both quantitative and qualitative criteria involved in selection of global supplier in pharmaceutical industry. Four main criteria and thirteen sub-criteria were identified for supplier selection in this problem. The number of suppliers to be selected under these criteria was identified as four. A numerical example presented illustrates the different selection criteria to select the best supplier in pharmaceutical industry.
Akademisyenlerin Otomobil Alım Tercihlerini Etkileyen Faktörler
(2016) Nakip, Mahir; Nakip, Mahir; 118963; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Besides providing people's daily transportation, cars also meet the psychological needs and the corporeal needs such as recreation, entertainment and trip. Academicians on the other side constitute a part of the society taken as a role model to pursue with interest whose ideas wondered. Therefore, this study investigates the existence of relationship between the purchase and use of cars which is an indispensable product due to demographic structures of academicians. Academicians are given a questionnaire according to demographics such as age, gender, income level and by the psychological factors such as the personality and learning-related features as well. The research questionnaire consisting of 2 pages was applied on 135 academicians who work in schools on different social and science areas. Applied survey data is processed with SPSS 20.0 and discriminant analysis was made to a number of hypotheses and then Wilks' Lambda test control is conducted. As a result, at the level of 5% significance, it was found that there exists difference between gender and monthly income with the preferred automobile brand they find attractive and difference between age and monthly income with frequences of car purchase. In this case, the monthly income among the demographic factors that affects the choice of buying a car is very effective, and age and gender are among the other influential factors.
Balanced Scorecard (Dengeli Başarı Göstergesi): Bsc Oluşturma Süreci Ve Uygulama Yöntemi
(2009) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Zamanımız işletmeleri oldukça yoğun bir rekabetin bulunduğu bir çevrede uğraşılarına devam etmektedirler. Rekabetin bu denli belirleyici olduğu bir çevrede işletmelerin amaçlarını belirlemeleri ve bu amaçlarına ulaşacak politikalar geliştirmeleri güç olmaktadır. Geçmişte işletmeler başarı göstergesi olarak büyük çoğunlukla mali göstergeleri kullanmalarına rağmen artık, tek başına mali göstergeler yeterli olmamaktadır. Bu anlamda, işletmelerin uygun faaliyet politikalarını belirlemeleri için geliştirilen bir çözüm Balanced Scorecard (BSC)' dır. BSC işletmelerin amaç ve stratejilerini soyut ve somut göstergelere dönüştürmelerini ve işletmenin geleceğe dönük uğraşıları ve performansları daha iyi değerlendirdikleri bir yöntemdir. BSC mali göstergelerin yanında müşteri ilişkileri, içsel göstergeler (süreç planlama, üretim, pazarlama, istihdam gibi iç çevre etkenleri) ve de yeni bilginin işletme içinde edinilmesi, dağılımı ve kullanılması demek olan yenilik ve öğrenme ile ilgili göstergeleri de dikkate alarak işletmelerde kapsamlı bir denetim aracı halini almıştır. Bu çalışmada hedef, BSC kavramını yeniden değerlendirmek ve BSCnin oluşturulması ile uygulanmasına ait kavramsal bir modeli güvenilir uluslararası kaynaklara dayanarak ortaya koymaktır.
Born Global Firms: A Foreign Trade Related Study on Turkey
(2013) Gökmen, Aytaç; Temiz, Dilek; 17660; 52039; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
With the comprehensive advent in information and communication technologies and worldwide ease of transportation, the volume of international trade and business increased profoundly. Within this process, a Born Global Firm (BGF), right from its initiation, aims at creating competitive advantage by marketing a large volume of its products in various international markets by utilizing technological advances. Therefore, the rational behind the idea of BGF is to become an international firm in a short period of time and making international business affairs core of its business activities. Thus, the aim of this study is to review the concept of BGF theoretically and relate the issue to foreign trade affairs resting on significant sources related to the Turkish case mainly focusing on trade statistics as to review the potential development of BGFs in Turkey.
Contemporary Change Management and Leadership in Local and International Businesses
(IGI Global, 2019) Gökmen, Aytaç; Doğru, Çağlar; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Credit Dynamics in Turkey: An Insight Bank Loans Tendency Survey
(Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları, 2018) Özşuca Erenoğlu, Ekin Ayşe; Karacagil, Zeynel; Anaz, Efecan; 237965
Developments And Prospects In e–Government Implementations In Turkey
(2010) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
21st century is the age of globalization. Globalization is the process of transforming regional or local developments and phenomena into global realities. Globalization is also a process that unifies the world into a single society which is a combination of economical, social, political and technological influences. The most substantial actor in this process is the Internet and its contributions to data and knowledge procurement among the states, legal and natural persons. Moreover, Turkey is one of the leading states in the world to encourage the use of Internet and e – government implementations to integrate Turkey with that of the world and render premium services to her citizens and other related entities. The e – government which is also known as e- gov, online government or digital government, is a concept to utilize the Internet technology as a means to exchange information, provide services and transactions with citizens, business and other branches of government. Some e – government implementations both in practice and forthcoming in Turkey are e – Government Gateway, Public Sector Network, Informantions Disaster Recover System and Justice Net. It is aimed to constitute and develop knowledge society; to facilitate access to knowledge, decrease time consumption, provide better access to public services and enhance efficiency, ensure transparency and accountability, lower the costs and save sources in Turkey by e- government regulations. The aim of this study is to reveal the developments and realities of e – government in Turkey theoretically depending on comprehensive international and national publications
Does Financial Inclusion Affect Poverty and Income Inequality? Evidence from Emerging and Developing Economies
(Ijopec Publication, 2019) Özşuca, Ekin Ayşe; 237965
Enflasyonun Toplam Otomobil Üretimi Üzerine Etkisi Türkiye Örneği
(2009) Temiz, Dilek; 52039; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Ethıcal Issues In Marketıng: An Applıcatıon For Understandıng Ethıcal Decısıon Makıng
(2014) Özsaçmacı, Bülent; Külter Demirgüneş, Banu; Özsaçmacı, Bülent; 19729; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
In recent years business ethics and social responsibility have gained great importance in marketing practices, especially in societal marketing practices. Businesses infinitely struggle to indicate their contributions to society. Consumers consciously evaluate this contribution. Manipulated consumer choices and unethical marketing applications can affect purchasing behavior. Particularly intense competition, globalization and societal consciousness transform businesses into social organizations and lead them into marketing efforts offering social value. Although business ethics and social responsibility of businesses have gained more attention in recent years, defining consumers’ perceptions on ethical issues is still minimal. This study presents an empirical research of consumer perceptions on ethical issues. Reflection of this perception on purchasing behavior is also another important issue to be considered. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors related with ethical issues in marketing practices and to reveal possible influences of these factors on consumers’ ethical decision making. The main objective of the study is to find out consumers’ perceptions on businesses’ ethical issues such as misleading advertising, deceptive packaging and to reveal the impact of these issues on their ethical purchasing behavior or ethical decision making. It also reveals which criteria is more important for ethical decision making. This study reveals that consumers reflect their ethical perceptions on their purchasing behavior. Each ethical issue has been found to be a positive effect on purchasing behavior. Businesses’ practices on packaging has been indicated as the most effective ethical issue on purchasing behavior. The study is considered to be a significant outcome for businesses to direct their advertising, packaging and other activities.
Fdı Inflow And Operatıons Of Multı Natıonal Enterprıses & Prıvatızatıon Polıcıes Of Turkey: The Effect Of The Process On The Performance Of The Turkısh Economy
(2012) Gökmen, Aytaç; Temiz, Dilek; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Mal ve sermaye akışı özellikle II. Dünya Savaşı'nın sona ermesi ile hızlanmış, doğrudan yabancı sermaye (DYS) yatırımlarının birikimini ve bununla birlikte dünyanın pek çok yerinde de çokuluslu işletmelerin (ÇUİŞ) uğraşılarının artmasını kolaylaştırmıştır. Ancak, DYS yatırımlarının önemli bir devinim kazanması 1980'ler sonrasında olmuştur. DYS yatırımlarının özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerden gelişen ülkelere akması bilgi, teknik beceri, teknoloji, finansal sermaye ve insan kaynağı aktarımını kolaylaştırmış ve de ülkelerin iktisaden gelişmesine ve kalkınmasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Türkiye açısındansa, DYS yatırımları 1980 öncesi çok önem kazanamamış, 1990'lar sonrası artmaya başlamış ve ancak 2000'ler sonrası özelleştirme uygulamaları ile tepe yapmıştır. Türkiye'de DYS politikaları ve özelleştirme, 2002 yılı sonbaharında Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) Hükümeti'nin iktidara gelmesi ile büyük önem kazanmıştır. Türkiye'de birçok çevre AKP'nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarının başarılı olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Ancak, çeşitli makroekonomik değerler göz önüne alındığında AKP'nin özelleştirme politikalarının Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin ekonomik gücü ve bağımsızlığı açısından bir başarısızlık olduğu söylenebilir. Dolayısı ile, bu çalışmanın amacı DYS kuramı üzerinde durarak, Türkiye'nin DYS ve özelleştirme politikalarını eleştirel açıdan tenkit etmek ve bu konudaki AKP politikalarının başarısızlığını ortaya koymaktır
Financial Inclusion and Legal Gender Discrimination: New Evidence from Developing Countries
(Ijopec Publication, 2018) Özşuca Erenoğlu, Ekin Ayşe; Şiriner, İsmail; Kılıçkan, Zişan Yardım; 237965
Fınancıalınclusıon In Turkey: Evıdence From Indıvıduallevel Data
(2019) Özşuca, Ekin; 237965
Using individual level data from the World Bank Global Findex for 2017, this study analyzes the levelof financial inclusion and explores its main determinants in Turkey. In particular, it explores how individualcharacteristics (i.e. gender, age, income, education) are associated with the usage of formal financial servicesand impinge on the perceived barriers to account ownership among financially excluded individuals in Turkey.The results of the study indicate that being man, older, richer and more educated increases the likelihood ofhaving a formal account and formal saving. Moreover, mobile banking is found to be driven by identicalindividual characteristics with that of other traditional formal financial services usage. As regards with the mainobstacles for not having a formal account, each one of the individual attributes seems to be significant inexplaining different voluntary and involuntary self-reported barriers behind financial exclusion. The findingsare of remarkable importance for designing policies to promote financial inclusion in Turkey.
Foreign direct investment & its correlation to economics: The case of Brazil
(2019) Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, Aytaç; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Capital accumulation is the first and foremost important factor to induce economic growth and development in a country. Yet, not every country in the world is bestowed with abundant capital. Thus, in this instance foreign direct investment (FDI) emerges as a good option to supply the necessary amount of capital to countries which are deprived of the necessary capital stock. Moreover, FDI, besides being a catalyst of economic development, is a significant means of transferring technology, knowledge, managerial know-how and constitutes new potentials to create employment opportunities, increase the production volume and enhance the foreign trade balance. Furthermore, the impact of FDI inflow on the economic growth is researched in this paper for Brazil by means of utilizing various econometric methods for the period of 1970–2017. According to the results of this study there is no positive causality between economic growth and FDI inflow in the short-run. Yet, there is a positive and significant causality between FDI inflow and economic growth in the long-run as well as this stems from the fact that investments lead to positive results gradually in the long-term which also means that investments shall be converted into production as much as possible. Moreover, the novelty of this paper is that it is one of the most up-to-date studies to research FDI–economic growth correlation on Brazil in the literature.
Foreign Direct Investment Operations of International Businesses and Their Impact in Turkey
(2020) Yurtseven, Ömer; Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, Aytaç; 52039; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
The Republic of Turkey is located at the crossroads of many trade and investment routes, converging East with the West and North with the South. However, Turkey is not self-sufficient with respect to capital formation. As a result, it wishes to obtain the deficient part of the capital stock from foreign sources, mainly from foreign direct investment (FDI). The purpose of this paper is to examine the FDI inflows to the Turkish Republic and its effect on economic growth by employing the augmented Dickey-Fuller test, Phillips-Perron, Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, Shin unit root tests, and least squares method. The results indicate that FDI inflows to Turkey bring about economic growth.
Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Exportation of Turkey and its Contribution to the Economic Growth
(2018) Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, Aytaç; Soygür, Seda; 52039; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Economic growth is indispensable for the development of a country and welfare of its citizens. Economic activities can be improved with the enhancement of business sectors within its structure. Furthermore, exportation is a substantial means of reinforcing economic growth. In this research, the correlation between the fresh fruit & vegetable exportation and the economic growth of the Republic of Turkey is examined. Certain econometric methods as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Unit Root test, Phillips-Perron (PP) Unit Root test, Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, Shin (KPSS) Unit Root test, Vector Auto-regression Analysis (VAR), Co-integration Analysis, Error Correction Model (VECM), Impulse-response Functions and Variance Decomposition Analysis are employed to research the correlation for the 2004 Q1-2015 Q4 period. It was concluded that the exportation of fresh fruits and vegetables have a favorable contribution to the economic growth of the Republic of Turkey in the long-run.
Global sourcing: a theoretical study in Turkey
(2010) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
Global sourcing is to source from the global market for goods and services across national boundaries in order to take advantage of the global efficiencies in the delivery of a product or service. Such efficiencies are consists of low cost skilled labor, low cost raw materials and other economic factors like tax breaks and deductions as well as low trade tariffs. When we assess the case regarding to Turkey, global sourcing is an effective device for some firms. The domestic firms in Turkey at various industries are inclined to global source finished or intermediate goods from the world markets, finish the production process in Turkey and export. Eventually, on the one hand the export volume of Turkey increases, but on the other hand the import of a considerable volume of finished or intermediate goods bring about a negative trade balance and loss of jobs in Turkey. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess the concept of global sourcing transactions on Turkey resting on comprehensive publications
Intercultural Negotiations in Global Business: A Contemporary and Comprehensive Literature Review
(2019) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
The world has globalized much more than ever before and businessmen from different geographies do business with each other. Globalization refers to ongoing integration and interconnectedness of the global affairs as well as declining trade barriers. The more the trade barriers decrease, the more the world is globalized and businessmen from different nations and cultures do business. The aim of this article is to analyze the global business negotiations with respect to a cultural framework and propose a negotiation process to do and finalize global negotiations resting on credible international publications. Moreover, the aim of this article is to reflect an overview of global business negotiations based on cultural context and present an overview of it.
Internatıonal Businesses & Impacts on the Defense Industry of Turkey
(LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2013) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660; Uluslararası Ticaret ve Finansman
International business is one of the considerable issues in business studies and has impact in almost every aspects of life. Turkey is located at the convergence of Europe and Asia as well as neighbors to some disputed countries in her region. That’s why, she must have a strong and modern military power to remain sound. However, military research and manufacturing are costly issues that require cooperation with various agencies. Therefore, the Republic of Turkey has cooperation with many national and especially international businesses in order to take advantage of contemporary knowledge, technology and know-how. Thus, the objective of this study is to review a general literature on international business, development of the Turkish Defence Industry, cooperation with international businesses and the effect of this process on the economy.
Nexus between Foreign Banks and and Financial Inclusion: Evidence from the Transition Economies
(2019) Özşuca, Ekin; 237965
This paper examines empirically the impact of foreign banks on access and use of financial services for a panel of transition economies over the period 2004-2017. Transition economies provide rich evidence for analyzing this relationship given the predominance of foreign banks in their banking systems. The results reveal that foreign bank presence is positively associated with banking sector outreach indicators, such as ATM and branch penetration, after controlling for several macroeconomic, institutional and financial country-specific factors, however foreign bank entry is found to have no impact on the use of financial services, as measured by borrowing per capita. Results from low and high foreign bank threshold subsamples provide further evidence that foreign bank penetration effects on financial inclusion do not vary by thresholds

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Browsing Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü Yayın Koleksiyonu by Department "Çankaya Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü"