Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12416/26
Browse
Browsing Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü by Department "Çankaya Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, Uluslararası Ticaret Bölümü"
Now showing 1 - 20 of 80
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Article 1980 Sonrası Türkiye’de Uygulanan Teknoloji Politikaları ve Türkiye Açısından Teknolojik Gelişme Göstergeleri(2020) Temiz Dinç, Dilek; 52039Today, well-planned and implemented science and technology policies are needed for sustainable growth and development. Especially after 1980, due to the commencement of more importance to technological developments, the first time in this study, post-1980 technology policies applied in Turkey were examined under five-year development plans. If science and technology policies are considered an input, technological development indicators can be regarded as an output. In the second part of the study in this respect, in the context of technological development indicators for Turkey it is aimed to make a general assessment. From the study, the way to increase its competitiveness with other world countries Turkey giving more importance to the university-industry cooperation, a greater share allocation of the GDP from research and development activities, to increase the number of researchers expressed requirements. In this study, in order to increase the number of patents, it is emphasized that incentive practices should be reconsidered. It has been concluded that the necessity of establishing and implementing scieArticle A Fuzzy AHP approach for selecting a global supplier in pharmaceutical industry(2012) Taş, Ayşegül; 29252Our study looks into the strategy that should be pursued for raw material procurement by a pharmaceutical firm operating in Turkey. In this paper, pharmaceutical research companies and food industry chemists operating in the global market in the pharmaceutical industry are examined and a suitable supply strategy is suggested for a company operating in Turkey under the specified criteria. The supplier selection is a multi-criterion problem which includes both qualitative and quantitative criteria. This paper proposes a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) to efficiently tackle both quantitative and qualitative criteria involved in selection of global supplier in pharmaceutical industry. Four main criteria and thirteen sub-criteria were identified for supplier selection in this problem. The number of suppliers to be selected under these criteria was identified as four. A numerical example presented illustrates the different selection criteria to select the best supplier in pharmaceutical industry.Article A theoretical study on the concept of risk in enterprises, dynamics of risk in international business, investing in Turkey & evaluation of macro risks abstract(2014) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660Risk yönetimi, uluslararası işletmecilikte her zaman öneme sahip olmuştur. Bu kavram, en yalın tanımı ile işletmenin karşılaşabileceği belirsizliklerin bertaraf edilmesidir. Bununla beraber, hem içerden, hem de dışardan kaynaklanabilecek belirsizlikleri içerir. Dahası, risk yönetimi, politik, kültürel, finansal ve ekonomik risklerin hem işletme içi, hem de işletme dışı kaynaklar açısından değerlendirilmesini kapsar. Türkiye Avrasya’nın kesişme noktasında önemli bir ülkedir. Birçok pazara yakın ve gelecek vaat etmektedir. Ancak, pek çok ekonomik etkenden dolayı önemli derecede belirsizliğe maruzdur. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise, risk ve risk yönetimini kuramsal anlamda ulusal ve uluslararası kaynaklara dayanarak incelemek ve de durumu Türkiye açısında değerlendirip, çeşitli önerilerde bulunmaktır.Article Akademisyenlerin Otomobil Alım Tercihlerini Etkileyen Faktörler(2016) Nakip, Mahir; Nakip, Mahir; 118963Besides providing people's daily transportation, cars also meet the psychological needs and the corporeal needs such as recreation, entertainment and trip. Academicians on the other side constitute a part of the society taken as a role model to pursue with interest whose ideas wondered. Therefore, this study investigates the existence of relationship between the purchase and use of cars which is an indispensable product due to demographic structures of academicians. Academicians are given a questionnaire according to demographics such as age, gender, income level and by the psychological factors such as the personality and learning-related features as well. The research questionnaire consisting of 2 pages was applied on 135 academicians who work in schools on different social and science areas. Applied survey data is processed with SPSS 20.0 and discriminant analysis was made to a number of hypotheses and then Wilks' Lambda test control is conducted. As a result, at the level of 5% significance, it was found that there exists difference between gender and monthly income with the preferred automobile brand they find attractive and difference between age and monthly income with frequences of car purchase. In this case, the monthly income among the demographic factors that affects the choice of buying a car is very effective, and age and gender are among the other influential factors.Article An analysis of the export and economic growth in Turkey over the period of 1950-2009(2010) Gökmen, Aytaç; Temiz, Dilek; 52039; 17660Bu ampirik çalısma, Türk ekonomisinde 1950-2009 dönemindeki reel ihracat ve reel GSYİH ile ifade edilen büyüme arasındaki iliskiyi, senelik zaman serisi verileri kullanarak incelemektedir. Çalısmanın çözümlemesinde bir dizi ekonometrik yöntem kullanılmaktadır: ADF birim kök sınaması, Johansen esbütünlesme sınaması, vektör hata düzeltme modeli (VECM) ve Granger nedensellik sınaması. Bu çalısmanın sonuçları bütün değiskenlerin ilk farklarında durağan olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak Johansen esbütünlesme sınaması iki değisken arasında uzun dönemde iliski olduğunu göstermektedir. Granger nedensellik sınaması, ekonomik büyümeden reel ihracata doğru tek yönlü nedenselliği göstermektedir. Nedensellik sonuçları, vektör hata düzeltme modelinin (VECM) gösterdiği sonuçlarla uyumludur. Reel ihracat ve ekonomik büyüme arasında hem uzun dönemde, hem de kısa dönemde nedensellik iliskisi vardır. Bu nedenselliğin yönü ise ekonomik büy ümeden (reel GSYİH) ihracata doğrudur.Article An empirical survey of consumer ethnocentrism in Kazakhstan and the preference of consumers on imported products(Ahmet Yesevi Üniversitesi, 2017) Nakip, Mahir; Gökmen, Aytaç; 118963The reality of globalization declines the frontiers for cross border international trade and investments as well as functions as a means to converge the consumer needs and expectations on a global base. The convergence of the expectations of consumers is considerably beneficial for international businesses in their international marketing activities. However, this issue does not realize in every country or regional market. Yet, consumer ethnocentrism is a profound obstacle for international businesses which emphasis nationalistic sentiments, pride and the rejection of any product or idea that is made in another country without any rationale reasoning. Thus, this study is aimed at researching the subject of consumer ethnocentrism in the Central Asian Turkish Republic of Kazakhstan. The results indicate that there is not a strong relation between ethnocentric perceptions and product necessity in Kazakhstan. Also, sub-dimensions of ethnocentrism have different correlation levels with each imported products. In addition, religious and moral values are not effective factors in explaining the variation in imported productsArticle Balanced Scorecard (Dengeli Başarı Göstergesi): Bsc Oluşturma Süreci Ve Uygulama Yöntemi(2009) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660Zamanımız işletmeleri oldukça yoğun bir rekabetin bulunduğu bir çevrede uğraşılarına devam etmektedirler. Rekabetin bu denli belirleyici olduğu bir çevrede işletmelerin amaçlarını belirlemeleri ve bu amaçlarına ulaşacak politikalar geliştirmeleri güç olmaktadır. Geçmişte işletmeler başarı göstergesi olarak büyük çoğunlukla mali göstergeleri kullanmalarına rağmen artık, tek başına mali göstergeler yeterli olmamaktadır. Bu anlamda, işletmelerin uygun faaliyet politikalarını belirlemeleri için geliştirilen bir çözüm Balanced Scorecard (BSC)' dır. BSC işletmelerin amaç ve stratejilerini soyut ve somut göstergelere dönüştürmelerini ve işletmenin geleceğe dönük uğraşıları ve performansları daha iyi değerlendirdikleri bir yöntemdir. BSC mali göstergelerin yanında müşteri ilişkileri, içsel göstergeler (süreç planlama, üretim, pazarlama, istihdam gibi iç çevre etkenleri) ve de yeni bilginin işletme içinde edinilmesi, dağılımı ve kullanılması demek olan yenilik ve öğrenme ile ilgili göstergeleri de dikkate alarak işletmelerde kapsamlı bir denetim aracı halini almıştır. Bu çalışmada hedef, BSC kavramını yeniden değerlendirmek ve BSCnin oluşturulması ile uygulanmasına ait kavramsal bir modeli güvenilir uluslararası kaynaklara dayanarak ortaya koymaktır.Article Born Global Firms: A Foreign Trade Related Study on Turkey(2013) Gökmen, Aytaç; Temiz, Dilek; 17660; 52039With the comprehensive advent in information and communication technologies and worldwide ease of transportation, the volume of international trade and business increased profoundly. Within this process, a Born Global Firm (BGF), right from its initiation, aims at creating competitive advantage by marketing a large volume of its products in various international markets by utilizing technological advances. Therefore, the rational behind the idea of BGF is to become an international firm in a short period of time and making international business affairs core of its business activities. Thus, the aim of this study is to review the concept of BGF theoretically and relate the issue to foreign trade affairs resting on significant sources related to the Turkish case mainly focusing on trade statistics as to review the potential development of BGFs in Turkey.Article Çin’in ekonomik büyümesinde ivme kaybı: İhracat-kamu harcamaları etkisi, Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi(2019) Temiz, Dilek; 52039Çin, uyguladığı başarılı reformlar ve dışa açılma politikası ile önemli bir ekonomik büyüme performansı yakalayarak, gelişmiş ekonomilerle arasını hızla kapatan bir ekonomi görünümüne sahipti. Ancak, 2010 yılından itibaren büyüme hızı yavaşlamaya başladı. Büyüme hızındaki bu ivme kaybının birçok nedeninin olmasıyla birlikte, Çin’in ihracat artış hızının ve Çin’deki kamu harcamalarının azalması başlıca nedenler arasında sayılabilir. Bu çalışmada, Çin’in ihracatı, kamu harcamaları ve ekonomik büyümesi arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi, Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi ile araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, 1960-2017 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veriler kullanılmıştır. Ampirik analizler sonucunda, Çin’in ekonomik büyümesi ile kamu harcamaları arasında çift yönlü, ihracatı ile ekonomik büyümesi arasında ise ihracatından ekonomik büyümesine doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi saptanmıştır. Bu bulgular göre, Çin’in ekonomik büyümesi ile kamu harcamaları ilişkisi, hem Wagner’in hem de Keynes’in hipotezlerini desteklemekte, ekonomik büyümesi ile ihracatı ilişkisi ise ihracata dayalı büyüme hipotezini desteklemektedir. Çalışmada ayrıca varyans ayrıştırması analizi ile Çin’in ekonomik büyümesi üzerinde ihracatının etkisinin kamu harcamalarının etkisinden daha fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Book Part Contemporary Change Management and Leadership in Local and International Businesses(IGI Global, 2019) Gökmen, Aytaç; Doğru, Çağlar; 17660Book Part Credit Dynamics in Turkey: An Insight Bank Loans Tendency Survey(Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları, 2018) Özşuca Erenoğlu, Ekin Ayşe; Karacagil, Zeynel; Anaz, Efecan; 237965Book Part Culture, cross-cultural communication, and international business communication in the global context: A critical approach(2023) Gökmen, Aytaç; 17660International business communication concerns the reconciliation of businesses and products which strive to embrace both the private and government sectors of numerous countries to conduct business transactions. Yet, inter-cultural communication is used when delivering different messages among different societies while doing international business. Thus, the aim of this chapter is to define the concepts of culture, international business communication and inter-cultural communication as well as integrate them on a global scale.Article Developments And Prospects In e–Government Implementations In Turkey(2010) Gökmen, Aytaç; 1766021st century is the age of globalization. Globalization is the process of transforming regional or local developments and phenomena into global realities. Globalization is also a process that unifies the world into a single society which is a combination of economical, social, political and technological influences. The most substantial actor in this process is the Internet and its contributions to data and knowledge procurement among the states, legal and natural persons. Moreover, Turkey is one of the leading states in the world to encourage the use of Internet and e – government implementations to integrate Turkey with that of the world and render premium services to her citizens and other related entities. The e – government which is also known as e- gov, online government or digital government, is a concept to utilize the Internet technology as a means to exchange information, provide services and transactions with citizens, business and other branches of government. Some e – government implementations both in practice and forthcoming in Turkey are e – Government Gateway, Public Sector Network, Informantions Disaster Recover System and Justice Net. It is aimed to constitute and develop knowledge society; to facilitate access to knowledge, decrease time consumption, provide better access to public services and enhance efficiency, ensure transparency and accountability, lower the costs and save sources in Turkey by e- government regulations. The aim of this study is to reveal the developments and realities of e – government in Turkey theoretically depending on comprehensive international and national publicationsBook Part Digital economy: The correlation between digital technology and economic growth-an emperical application(2023) Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, Aytaç; 52039; 17660The aim of this study is to explain the concept of digital economy and to examine the effect of digital technology on economic growth. In the study, the causality relationship between digital technology and economic growth in the Turkish economy for the period 2004-2021 was investigated with the Toda-Yamamoto test. As a result of the study, according to 10% significance level, bidirectional causality between internet usage-economic growth, computer usage-economic growth, and one-way causality between mobile line usage and economic growth from mobile line usage to economic growth was determined. No causal relationship was found between website ownership and economic growth in enterprises. According to the 5% significance level, a one-way causality relationship was determined from only computer and internet use to economic growth. © 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.Book Part Does Financial Inclusion Affect Poverty and Income Inequality? Evidence from Emerging and Developing Economies(Ijopec Publication, 2019) Özşuca, Ekin Ayşe; 237965Article Does the incomplete information matter with export quotas?(2006) Yazıcı, Mehmet; 144084This study investigates whether or not incomplete information matters when the government adopts the export quotas in intervening in the oligopolistic export markets. Incomplete information the government has is about the unit-production cost of the domestic firm. It is shown first that quotas optimal under full information (full-information policy) result in Stackelberg outcome, the best outcome in a non-cooperative setting from the domestic firm's point of view. When the full-information policy is implemented in the presence of incomplete information, it is found that no cost-type has an incentive to misrepresent itself as the other type. This means that full-information outcome will be achieved with incomplete information. Hence, incomplete information does not matter in the case of export quotas. This result, however, does not carry over to the case of more than one domestic firm.Article Ekonominin önemli bir parçası: Savunma sanayii(2012) Temiz, Dilek; 52039Türk savunma sanayiinin son yıllarda hızlı bir yükseliş eğilimi yakaladığı görülmektedir. Bu hızlı yükselişin sürdürülebilirliği için bundan sonra daha hassas analizlere ihtiyaç duyulacağı bir gerçektir. Türkiye’nin bulunduğu coğrafi konum itibariyle, barışın ve caydırıcılığın korunmasında savunma sanayiinin yüksek teknoloji ürünleri üretebilir olmasının önemi çok büyüktür. Ancak, milli güç unsurlarına dayanmayan bir savunma sanayiinin yeterliliğinden ve sürekliliğinden söz edilebilmesi pek mümkün görünmemektedir. Çünkü, savunma için gereken her türlü araç, gereç ve teçhizatın büyük oranda yerli kaynaklardan karşılanıyor olması önemli bir zorunluluktur. Savunma Sanayii Müsteşarlığı’nın kuruluşunu takiben gerçekleştirilen yatırımlarla, kara, hava ve deniz sistemleri bazında çeşitli alanlarda yurt içi imkan kazanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, sistem entegrasyonu, komuta kontrol, haberleşme, elektronik harp ve ateş gücü gibi alt sistemlerde de ciddi bir altyapı oluşmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Türk Savunma Sanayii hakkında genel bir bilgi verilmekte, sektörün ekonomideki yeri ve önemi üzerinde durulmaktadır. Sektördeki hızlı yükselişe rağmen, savunma sanayiinde istenilen düzeye ulaşılamama nedenleri ele alınmakta ve bu konuda bir takım çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır.Conference Object Enflasyonun Toplam Otomobil Üretimi Üzerine Etkisi Türkiye Örneği(2009) Temiz, Dilek; 52039Article Ethıcal Issues In Marketıng: An Applıcatıon For Understandıng Ethıcal Decısıon Makıng(2014) Özsaçmacı, Bülent; Külter Demirgüneş, Banu; Özsaçmacı, Bülent; 19729In recent years business ethics and social responsibility have gained great importance in marketing practices, especially in societal marketing practices. Businesses infinitely struggle to indicate their contributions to society. Consumers consciously evaluate this contribution. Manipulated consumer choices and unethical marketing applications can affect purchasing behavior. Particularly intense competition, globalization and societal consciousness transform businesses into social organizations and lead them into marketing efforts offering social value. Although business ethics and social responsibility of businesses have gained more attention in recent years, defining consumers’ perceptions on ethical issues is still minimal. This study presents an empirical research of consumer perceptions on ethical issues. Reflection of this perception on purchasing behavior is also another important issue to be considered. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors related with ethical issues in marketing practices and to reveal possible influences of these factors on consumers’ ethical decision making. The main objective of the study is to find out consumers’ perceptions on businesses’ ethical issues such as misleading advertising, deceptive packaging and to reveal the impact of these issues on their ethical purchasing behavior or ethical decision making. It also reveals which criteria is more important for ethical decision making. This study reveals that consumers reflect their ethical perceptions on their purchasing behavior. Each ethical issue has been found to be a positive effect on purchasing behavior. Businesses’ practices on packaging has been indicated as the most effective ethical issue on purchasing behavior. The study is considered to be a significant outcome for businesses to direct their advertising, packaging and other activities.Article Export-led economic growth and the case of Brazil: An empirical research(2019) Gökmen, Aytaç; Gökmen, Aytaç; 52039; 17660The world has been globalized much more than ever before and this process integrates the economies of countries. Moreover, one means of integrating the economies of countries is trade. In this instance, the export-led economic growth emerges as a considerable determinant. Export-led economic growth is beneficial for the countries since it facilitates the inflow of foreign exchange, increases production, creates new employment opportunities and enhances the overall commercial volume. In this study, the correlation between export-led economic growth is explored for Brazil. Therefore, according to the findings of this paper as well as econometric and statistical applications, there is a bi-directional causality in Brazil since 1960s between economic development and exports in the long-run (this could also be termed as feedback); furthermore, in the short-run, there is export-led economic growth. The novelty of this paper is that, it is one of the latest studies investigating export-led economic growth for Brazil. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
